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初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法:動(dòng)詞不定式作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)

2009-09-02 11:53:25  來(lái)源:本站原創(chuàng) 文章作者:匿名

 

不定式作補(bǔ)語(yǔ) 
1) 動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+不定式(to do)
advise   allow   appoint   believe   cause   challenge command  compel   consider  declare   drive   enable  encourage  find    forbid   force   guess   hire    imagine  impel   induce   inform  instruct  invite   judge    know    like   order    permit  persuade  remind   report  request   require  select send    state   suppose   tell    think  train   trust   understand urge    warn 

例句:
  a. Father will not allow us to play on the street.       
   父親不讓我們?cè)诮稚贤嫠!?
  b. We believe him to be guilty.
   我們相信他是有罪的。

Find 的特殊用法:
   Find 后可用分詞做賓補(bǔ),或先加形式賓語(yǔ),再加形容詞,較后加帶to 的動(dòng)詞不定式。find后也可帶一個(gè)從句。此類動(dòng)詞還有g(shù)et,have。
    I found him lying on the ground.
    I found it important to learn.
    I found that to learn English is important.

典型例題:
   The next morning she found the man ___ in bed,dead. 
  A. lying  B. lie  C. lay  D. laying  
答案:A.find的賓語(yǔ)后面,用分詞或分詞短語(yǔ),起賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)作用,F(xiàn)在分詞表達(dá)主動(dòng),也表達(dá)正在進(jìn)行,過(guò)去分詞表達(dá)被動(dòng)。

2) to + be 的不定式結(jié)構(gòu),作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞。
Acknowledge,   believe, consider,  think, declare(聲稱), discover, fancy(設(shè)想), feel   find, guess,  judge,  imagine,   know,  prove,     see(理解), show,    suppose,     take(以為),   understand
   We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class.
   我們認(rèn)為湯姆是班上較好的孩子之一。

典型例題
   Charles Babbage is generally considered ___ the first computer. 
A. to invent B. inventing  C. to have invented  D. having invented 
答案:A. 由consider to do sth. 排除B、D。. 此句只說(shuō)明發(fā)明這一個(gè)事實(shí),不定式后用原形即可。而C為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),發(fā)明為點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞一般不用完成時(shí),且此處也不強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響,因此不選C。

3) to be +形容詞
Seem,      appear,   be said,  be supposed,  be believed, be thought, be known,  be reported, hope, wish,  desire,   want,    plan,  expect,    mean…
  The book is believed to be uninteresting.
 人們認(rèn)為這本書沒什么意思。

4) there be+不定式
believe, expect, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, want, wish, undrstand
  We didn't expect there to be so many people there.我們沒料到會(huì)有那么多人在哪里。

注意 : 有些動(dòng)詞需用as 短語(yǔ)做補(bǔ)語(yǔ),如regard, think believe, take, consider.
  We regard Tom as our best teacher. 我們認(rèn)為湯姆是我們較好的老師。
  Mary took him as her father . 瑪麗把他當(dāng)作自己的父親。

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