虛擬語氣的特殊表現(xiàn)形式

2010-06-04 16:29:29 　來源：百度空間

　　一、表示“好像”：除了if條件從句外，由as if和as though等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句表示方式時(shí)，意思是“好像”,這時(shí)從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用虛擬語氣。其動(dòng)詞形式用過去時(shí)(be用were的形式)表示所說的與現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)相反；用過去完成時(shí)表示所說的與過去的事實(shí)相反

　　Violetta has a curious ［A］ expression on ［B］ her face as though she was smiling ［C］ about something that amused her ［D］ .

　　二、特殊連詞的需要：lest, for fear that和in case引起的從句(這時(shí)謂語多用should＋加動(dòng)詞原形)

　　We dare not play jokes on Mr. Wang lest he should become angry. (我們不敢跟王先生開玩笑，恐怕他生氣。)

　　He hurried on, lest he should drop out in the forced match. (他加緊步伐，生怕在急行軍中掉隊(duì)。)

　　Every attention must be paid to him lest he (should) feel that he is inferior to my other guests. (我對(duì)他特別關(guān)照，唯恐他感覺到比我的其他客人低人一等。)

　　He’s working hard for fear that he should fail in the exam. (他加緊學(xué)習(xí)唯恐診斷不及格。)

　　三、介詞短語表示虛擬：有時(shí)假設(shè)的情況并不以條件從句表示出來，而是通過一個(gè)介詞短語來表示，或通過上下文或其他方式表示出來。如 but for, but that…, in case of, otherwise, supposing, under more favourable condition, without 等表示讓步假設(shè)

　　He worked very hard; otherwise he might have failed. (他刻苦工作，不然他就失敗了。)

　　We could have done better under more favorable conditions.(假設(shè)我們有更有利條件，我們還會(huì)做得更好。)

　　But for his help，I _____ .

　　［A］ should not have succeeded

　�。跙］ had not succeeded

　�。跜］ did not succeed

　�。跠］ have not succeeded