There be 句型用法歸納

1. 定義：There be句型表示某處存在某物或某人。
2. 結(jié)構(gòu)：
        (1) There is +單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞+ 地點(diǎn)狀語.
        (2) There are +復(fù)數(shù)名詞+地點(diǎn)狀語.
         there是引導(dǎo)詞，在句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，翻譯時(shí)也不必譯出。句子的主語是某人或某物，謂語動(dòng)詞be要與主語（某人或某物）的數(shù)保持一致。當(dāng)主語是兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的名詞時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要與跟它較近的那個(gè)名詞一致。
eg.  ① There is a bird in the tree.   樹上有一只鳥。
        ② There is a teacher and many students in our classroom.  我們教室里有一位老師和許多孩子。
        ③ There are two boys and a girl under the tree. 樹下有兩個(gè)男孩，一個(gè)女孩。
3.  There be句型與have的區(qū)別：
        (1) There be 句型和have都表示“有”的含義。區(qū)別如下：There be表示“某處存在某物或某人”；have表示“某人擁有某物/某人”，它表示所有、擁有關(guān)系。   eg.
        ①He has two sons.   他有兩個(gè)兒子。
        ②There are two men in the office.    辦公室里有兩個(gè)男人。
        (2)當(dāng)have表示“包括”、“存在”的含義時(shí)，There be 句型與其可互換。
eg.   A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a week.  一個(gè)星期有七天。
    變臉一：否定句
    There be句型的否定式的構(gòu)成和含有be動(dòng)詞的其它句型一樣，在be后加上not或no即可。注意not和no的不同：not是副詞，no為形容詞，not a/an/any + n. 相當(dāng)于no+ n.。例如： 
    There are some pictures on the wall. →There aren't any pictures on the wall. =There are no pictures on the wall.
    There is a bike behind the tree. → There isn't a bike behind the tree. =There is no bike behind the tree.
    變臉二：一般疑問句
    There be句型的一般疑問句變化是把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)整到句首，再在句尾加上問號(hào)即可，此為\"調(diào)整法\"。但同時(shí)要注意：當(dāng)肯定句中有some時(shí)，要將其改為any（否定變化也一樣）�？纯聪旅鎯删涫侨绾蝄"改頭換面\"的吧：
    There is some water on Mars. → Is there any water on Mars?
    There are some fish in the water. →Are there any fish in the water? 
    變臉三：特殊疑問句
    There be句型的特殊疑問句形式有以下三種變化：
    ① 對(duì)主語提問：當(dāng)主語是人時(shí)，用\"Who\'s+介詞短語?\"；當(dāng)主語是物時(shí)，用\"What\'s + 介詞短語?\"。注意：無論原句的主語是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，對(duì)之提問時(shí)一般都用be的單數(shù)形式(回答時(shí)卻要根據(jù)實(shí)際情況來決定)。如：
    There are many things over there. →What's over there?
    There is a little girl in the room.→Who is in the room?
    ② 對(duì)地點(diǎn)狀語提問：提問地點(diǎn)當(dāng)然用"Where is / are+主語?\"啦！例如：
    There is a computer on the desk. → Where is the computer?
    There are four children on the playground. →Where are the four children? 
    ③ 對(duì)數(shù)量提問：一般有兩種句型結(jié)構(gòu)：
    How many+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+are there+介詞短語？
    How much+不可數(shù)名詞+is there+介詞短語？