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【考點(diǎn)直擊】
1.時(shí)間狀語從句
2.條件狀語從句
3.原因狀語從句
4.結(jié)果狀語從句
5.比較狀語從句
6.目的狀語從句
7.讓步狀語從句
8.地點(diǎn)狀語從句
【老師點(diǎn)睛】
用來修飾主句中的動(dòng)詞,副詞和形容詞的從句叫狀語從句。根據(jù)其含義狀語從句可分為時(shí)間狀語從句,地點(diǎn)狀語從句,條件狀語從句,原因狀語從句,結(jié)果狀語從句,比較狀語從句,目的狀語從句,讓步狀語從句。
1.時(shí)間狀語從句
。1)時(shí)間狀語從句常用when,as,while,before,after,since,till,until,assoonas等連詞來引導(dǎo)。例如:
Itwasraininghardwhengottoschoolyesterday.
Whilehewasdoinghishomework,thetelephonerang.
Ashewalkedalongthelake,hesanghappily.
HehadlearnedalittleChinesebeforehecametoChina.
Afterhefinishedmiddleschool,hewenttoworkinafactory.
。2)在時(shí)間狀語從句里,通常不用將來時(shí)態(tài),用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)表示將來的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。例如:
I’llringyouupassoonasIgettoNewYork.
Iwilltellhimeverythingwhenhecomesback.
Hewon’tbelieveituntilheseesitwithhisowneyes.
(3)在帶有till或until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的主從復(fù)合句里,如果主句用肯定式,其含義是“一直到……時(shí)”,謂語動(dòng)詞只能用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。如果主句用否定式,其含義是“直到……才……”,“在……以前不……”,謂語動(dòng)詞可用瞬間動(dòng)詞。例如:
Theyoungmanreadtillthelightwentout.
Let’swaituntiltherainstops.
Wewon’tstartuntilBobcomes.
Don’tgetoffuntilthebusstops.
2.條件狀語從句
。1)條件狀語從句通常由if,unless引導(dǎo)。例如:
Whatshallwedoifitsnowstomorrow?
Don’tleavethebuildingunlessItellyouto.
。2)在條件狀語從句里,謂語動(dòng)詞通常用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)表示將來的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。例如:
I’llhelpyouwithyourEnglishifamfreetomorrow.
Hewon’tbelateunlessheisill.
。3)“祈使句+and(or)+陳述句”在意思上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)帶有條件狀語從句的復(fù)合句。例如:
Hurryup,oryou’llbelate.
=Ifyoudon’thurryup,you’llbelate.
Studyhardandyouwillpasstheexam.
=Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpasstheexam.
3.原因狀語從句
。1)原因狀語從句通常由because,since,as引導(dǎo)。例如:
Hedidn’tcometoschoolbecausehewasill.
Asitisraining,weshallnotgothezoo.
Sinceyoucan’tanswerthequestion,I’llasksomeoneelse.
。2)because表示直接原因,語氣較強(qiáng)。Because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句多放在主句之后。回答由why提出的問題,只能用because。As和since語氣較弱,一般用來表示明顯的原因。由as和since引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從居多放在句首。例如:
------Whyaren’tgoingthere?
------BecauseIdon’twantto.
Ashehasnocar,hecan’tgetthereeasily.
Sincewehavenomoney,wecan’tbuyit.
。3)because和so不能同用在一個(gè)句子里。
4.結(jié)果狀語從句
(1)結(jié)果狀語從句由so…that,such…that,sothat引導(dǎo)。例如:
Heissopoorthathecan’tbuyabikeforhisson.
Sheissuchagoodteacherthateverybodylikesher.
Mypencilfellunderthedesk,sothatIcouldn’tseeit.
(2)so…that語such.。.that可以互換。例如:
在由so.。.that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句中,so是副詞,與形容詞連用。其結(jié)構(gòu)是:“。..so+形容詞(副詞)+that+從句”。例如:
Hewassogladthathecouldn’tsayaword.
Thehallissobigthatitcanhold2,000people.
Motherlivessofarawaythatwehardlyeverseeher.
在由such…that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句中,such是形容詞,它修飾的可以是單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,也可以是不可數(shù)名詞;名詞前面可以帶形容詞,也可不帶。如果是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,前面需加不定冠詞a或an。例如:
Itwassuchahotdaythatnobodywantedtodoanything.
Hehadsuchlongarmsthathecouldalmosttouchtheceiling.
Hemadesuchrapidprogressthathedidverywellinthemid-term.
有時(shí)上述兩種結(jié)構(gòu)是可以互換的。例如:
Itwassuchawonderfulfilmthatallofuswantedtoseeitagain.
=Thefilmwassowonderfulthatallofuswantedtoseeitagain.
Itissuchanimportantmatchthatnobodywantstomissit.
=Thematchissoimportantthatnobodywantstomissit.
。3)如果名詞前由many,much,little,few等詞修飾時(shí),只能用so,不用such。例如:
Soonthereweresomanydeerthattheyateupallthewildroses.
Hehassolittletimethathecan’tgotothecinemawithyou.
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