初二英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全(2)

　　二、從初中階段所學(xué)五種基本句型談變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)應(yīng)注意的問(wèn)題。

　　1．主語(yǔ) + 連系動(dòng)詞 + 表語(yǔ) (S+V+P)

　　此結(jié)構(gòu)不可用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

　　(正) The flowers smell sweet.

　　(誤) The flowers are smelt sweet.

　　2．主語(yǔ) + 不及物動(dòng)詞 (S+V)

　　此結(jié)構(gòu)不可變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

　　(正) An accident happened last night.

　　(誤) An accident was happened last night.

　　3．主語(yǔ) + 及物動(dòng)詞 + 賓語(yǔ) (S + V+ O)

　�。�1）將主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)

　　Children often sing this song

　　This song is often sung by children.

　�。�2）將含有介詞或副詞的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，不可將介詞或副詞去掉。

　　We should listen to the teachers carefully.

　　The teachers should be listened to carefully.

　　4．主語(yǔ) + 及物動(dòng)詞 + 間接賓語(yǔ) + 直接賓語(yǔ) (S + V+ IO+ DO)

　　（1）.將表人的間接賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)，直接賓語(yǔ)不變。

　　He showed us a picture .

　　We were shown a picture.

　�。�2）.將指物的直接賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)，要在間接賓語(yǔ)前加介詞to或for.

　　常用加to的動(dòng)詞give, show, pass, read等

　　常用加for的動(dòng)詞 buy, get, make, sing, draw 等

　　A picture was shown to us.

　　A dictionary was bought for me by my parents.

　　5． 主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞 + 賓語(yǔ) + 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) (S+ V+ O + C)

　　如動(dòng)詞為 make, see, hear, watch 等，后接賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)為不帶“to”不定式時(shí)，變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)要加上“to” 。

　　I saw him fall off the tree.

　　He was seen to fall off the tree.

　　6. "be + 過(guò)去分詞" 并非都是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，系動(dòng)詞 be, feel, seem,look,等詞后面的過(guò)去分詞已轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞，作表語(yǔ)用，表示某種狀態(tài)。

　　I'm interested in mathematics. 我對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)感興趣。

　　*7. 某些動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)來(lái)表示被動(dòng)含義。The woman's clothes sell well. 女裝賣的快。This book sells best.這本書(shū)很暢銷.