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2016中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法:短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和句型

2016-04-21 10:39:10  來(lái)源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)整理

  2016中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法:短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和句型

  愛(ài)智康小編為大家總結(jié)2016年中考知識(shí)點(diǎn),希望能幫到各位同學(xué),如果你有中考學(xué)習(xí)方面難題免費(fèi)電話咨詢4000-121-121,有專業(yè)老師為您解決難題。

  動(dòng)詞,把他們加以歸納總結(jié),進(jìn)行重點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)是十分必要的。英語(yǔ)中有許多短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在意義上是一個(gè)整體,其用法有的相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞,有的相當(dāng)于不及物動(dòng)詞,有的兼有及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞的特征。

  1. 短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的分類

  (1)動(dòng)詞+介詞

  常見(jiàn)的有l(wèi)ook for, look after, ask for, laugh at, hear of 等。這類短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)只能放在介詞后。如:

  Don’t laugh at others.

  Tom asked his parents for a bike.

  (2)動(dòng)詞+副詞

  常見(jiàn)的有g(shù)ive up, pick up, think over, find out, hand in,等。這類短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)如果是名詞,既可放在副詞前邊,又可放在副詞后邊;賓語(yǔ)如果是人稱代詞或反身代詞,則要放在副詞前邊。如:

  You’ll hand in your homework tomorrow.

  Please don’t forget to hand it in.

  (3)動(dòng)詞+副詞+介詞

  常見(jiàn)的有 go on with, catch up with等。這類短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)只能放在介詞后邊。如:

  Go on and I’ll catch up with you in five minutes.

  After a short rest, he went on with his research work.

  (4)動(dòng)詞+名詞+介詞

  常見(jiàn)的有take care of, make use of, pay attention to, make fun of 等。這類短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)只能放在介詞后邊。如:

  You should pay attention to your handwriting.

  We should make full use of our time.

  (5)動(dòng)詞+形容詞

  常見(jiàn)的有l(wèi)eave open, set free, cut open等。這類短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)如果是名詞,則賓語(yǔ)可放在形容詞的前邊,也可放在后邊;賓語(yǔ)如果是人稱代詞或反身代詞,則必須放在形容詞前邊。如:

  The prisoners were set free.

  He cut it open.

  (6)動(dòng)詞+名詞

  常見(jiàn)的有take place, make friends等。這類短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用作不及物動(dòng)詞。如:

  This story took place three years ago.

  I make friends with a lot of people.

  2. 短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的辨析

  (1)be made in(在……生產(chǎn)或制造),be made of(由……組成或構(gòu)成)

  (2)come down(下來(lái);落),come along(來(lái);隨同),come to oneself(蘇醒),come true(實(shí)現(xiàn)),come out(花開(kāi);發(fā)芽;出現(xiàn);出來(lái)),come over(過(guò)來(lái);順便來(lái)訪),come in(進(jìn)來(lái)),come on(來(lái)吧;跟著來(lái);趕快), come up with(找到;提出)

  (3)do one’s best(盡較大努力), do well in(在……干得好), do one’s homework(做功課),do some reading(閱讀)

  (4)fall asleep(入睡),fall behind(落在……后面),fall off(從……掉下),fall down(到下;跌倒)

  (5)get down(下來(lái);落下),get on(上車),get to(到達(dá)),get up(起床),get back(回來(lái);取回),get off(下來(lái)),get on well with(與……相處融洽),get married(結(jié)婚),get together(相聚)

  (6)give up(放棄),give…a hand(給與……幫助),give a concert(開(kāi)音樂(lè)會(huì))

  (7)go back(回去),go on(繼續(xù)),go home(回家),go to bed(睡覺(jué)),go over(過(guò)一遍;仔細(xì)檢查),go out(外出;到外面),go wrong(走錯(cuò)路),go on doing(繼續(xù)做某事),go shopping(買(mǎi)東西),go boating(去劃船), go fishing(去釣魚(yú)),go hiking(去徒步旅行),go skating(去滑冰),go straight along(沿著……一直往前走)

  (8)have a look(看一看), have a seat(坐下), have supper(吃晚餐), have a rest(休息), have sports(進(jìn)行體育活動(dòng)), have a cold(感冒), have a cough(咳嗽), have a good time(過(guò)得愉快), have a headache(頭痛),have a try(嘗

  試;努力)

  (9)look for(尋找),look out(留神; 注意),look over(仔細(xì)檢查),look up(向上看;抬頭看),look after(照顧; 照看),look at(看; 觀看),look like(看起來(lái)像),look the same(看起來(lái)像),

  (10)make friends(交朋友),make phone calls(打電話),make money(賺錢(qián)),make the bed(整理床鋪),make a noise(吵鬧),make a faces(做鬼臉),make one’s way to(往……走去),make room for(給……騰出地方),make a decision(做出決定),make a mistake(犯錯(cuò)誤),make up one’s mind(下決心)

  (11)put on(上演;穿上;戴上),put up(掛起;舉起),put down(把某物放下來(lái)),put away(把某物收起來(lái)), put off(推遲)

  (12)take off(脫掉衣服),take photos(照相),take time(花費(fèi)時(shí)間),take out(取出),take a seat(坐下),take an active part in(積極參加),take care of(照顧;照料;注意),take exercise(做運(yùn)動(dòng)),take one’s place(坐某人的位置;代替某人的職務(wù)),take turn(輪流)

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