中考英語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)考點(diǎn)：閱讀理解

2016-10-13 13:27:45 　來(lái)源：網(wǎng)絡(luò)整理

　　知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)

　　閱讀理解主要考查孩子一下幾個(gè)方面的閱讀理解能力：

　　1、理解和把握文章主旨大意、段落大意和中心思想的能力。

　　2、理解和把握文章具體信息來(lái)獲取有關(guān)信息能力，及根據(jù)上下文提供的語(yǔ)境推測(cè)生詞詞義、句意，進(jìn)而加深對(duì)文章的理解能力。

　　3、根據(jù)文章進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的數(shù)字推算和的能力。

　　4、既要理解詞、短語(yǔ)、句子和文章的表層意思，更要理解其深層含義和抽象概念的能力。

　　5、理解全篇的邏輯關(guān)系，根據(jù)已知信息進(jìn)行合理的推理判斷和預(yù)測(cè)新信息的能力。

　　解題技巧：

　　1、順序法：先讀懂文章，然后按順序答題。此方法適合內(nèi)容較易于理解和記憶飛文章。

　　2、顛倒法：先讀試題再讀文章，這樣我們可以帶著問(wèn)題有的放矢的閱讀文章并迅速發(fā)現(xiàn)答案。

　　3、交叉法：先閱讀一篇文章，把握中心大意后開(kāi)始答題，對(duì)暫時(shí)確定不了的答案，可再次回讀文章的有關(guān)內(nèi)容并對(duì)其進(jìn)行分析、推敲后再確定。

　　4、排除法：對(duì)拿不準(zhǔn)的答案，可先逐項(xiàng)排除自己有把握的錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)，再將剩下的答案進(jìn)行比較、篩選，直到確定較好答案。

　　5、要尊重原材料中的信息、觀點(diǎn)，并在此基礎(chǔ)上答題;不要憑想當(dāng)然、主觀臆斷答題，不要鉆牛角尖。

　　6、在做任務(wù)型閱讀回答問(wèn)題時(shí)，要盡量簡(jiǎn)略回答，無(wú)關(guān)信息盡量刪除。特殊疑問(wèn)句的回答基本是直接信息，在原文中能直接找到答案。

　　誤區(qū)提醒

　　【典型例題剖析】

　　My parents taught me not to waste food. My mom always found ways to make leftovers (剩余食物) taste good. I went to Ilan to learn about some of their special foods. As I was there, I learned about the food and the history of the area. I learned that they don't waste food, either, and they use leftovers!

　　Many years ago, there was not enough food for everyone. People learned to cook and eat almost everything. They had to think of ways to make special dishes. One of these dishes is kao zha. It's made with leftovers li ke meat, soup, oil and fat. That might not sound very good, but it does taste good. Today, kao zha is a special dish at big banquets (宴會(huì)).

　　Another famous dish is called zao bing. It's made with fruit, meat and other things. I really liked it! But I didn't want to eat too much. It has a lot of fat in it.

　　I smelled something b urning and I saw smoke, so I found another special food of the Ilan area─duck meat. The duck meat is put in a big oven (爐子) to cook it. Smoke keeps the meat fresh. I don't usually eat meat, but this duck meat was delicious! It tasted sweet.

　　Ilan is a great place with delicious food. I hope I can come back again!

　　1. The writer learns from her parents __________.

　　A. not to eat leftovers B. to eat good food

　　C. not to waste food D. to make good food

　　2. She finds that people in Ilan __________.

　　A. always waste food B. don't use leftovers

　　C. don't have enough food D. can cook special food

　　3. Kao zha is a good dish that is made with __________.

　　A. fruit, meat and other things B. fresh and sweet duck meat

　　C. some different leftovers D. meat, soup and fruit

　　4. There are __________ kinds of special foods mentioned in the passage.

　　A. two B. three C. four D. five