中考英語復習之語法講解第九講—時態(tài)（一）

　　第9講：時態(tài)一

 

　　提起時態(tài)，當然是指動詞的時態(tài)啦。過去、現(xiàn)在和未來等不同時間段發(fā)生的事情要用不同的時態(tài)來表示。時態(tài)是動詞的一種形式，表示動作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生或存在的時間和方式。閉上眼睛想一想，初中我們學過的時態(tài)有幾個? 初中我們共學過八種時態(tài)。本講將這幾個時態(tài)總體介紹一下:

 

　　一般現(xiàn)在時：常與always,often,sometimes, every day連用，表示習慣或經(jīng)常反復發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。提醒你當?shù)谌�人稱單數(shù)做主語時，別忘了動詞的變化。注意：象"地球大，月亮小"等客觀真理、事實一定用一般現(xiàn)在時。

 

　　現(xiàn)在進行時：要注意其構(gòu)成：由be+動詞+ing,表示說話時正在進行的動作。如：We're studying now. 我們現(xiàn)在正在學習。

 

　　一般過去時：表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與yesterday,last year,in 1949,two years ago,等表示過去時間的狀語連用。注意：We often went to dance last summer.有的同學一見到often就想到用一般現(xiàn)在時，其實因為后面有表示過去時間的 last summer,所以要用過去式，千萬別誤用了，切記，切記。

 

　　過去進行時：顯然過去進行時表示過去某一時刻正在做什么，常和特定的時間狀語如at that time，at six yesterday，at that moment，when he came in等連用。如： When he knocked at the door,his mother was cooking.

 

　　一般將來時：表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與表示將來時間狀語如 next year,tomorrow等連用。注意：在Will you ....?問句中，回答必須是 Yes,I will.或 No,I won't而不能用Yes,I shall. No, I shan't.來回答過去將來時：過去將來時不可以單獨使用，它一般在賓語從句中作間接引語，表示從過去某一時間看來將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。如：They told me that they would go to work in Guangdong.

 

　　現(xiàn)在完成時：顧名思義，現(xiàn)在完成時表示的是已經(jīng)完成的動作，但動作造成的影響還在，常被just,already,yet 等副詞修飾。如：He has already gone to Tianjin. 對現(xiàn)在造成的影響是他已經(jīng)不在這兒了。現(xiàn)在完成時還可用來表示過去發(fā)生的動作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，常帶有for或since等表示一段時間的狀語。如：Mr Wang has lived here since 1983.表示說話前發(fā)生過一次或多次的動作，我們常用"過"來表示，常帶有twice, once, ever, never等時間狀語。如：I've never seen that film.

 

　　過去完成時：我們可以用"過去的過去"來概括過去完成時，表示過去某一時刻或某一動作之前已經(jīng)完成了的動作，通常與by,before等構(gòu)成的短語或when, before,  after引導的從句連用。也可表示過去某一時間開始，一直延續(xù)到過去另一時間的動作，常和for或since構(gòu)成的時間狀語連用。用法和現(xiàn)在完成時大致相同，只不過又向前推了一個時態(tài)。

 

　　八個時態(tài)可能得讓你好好對付一陣子，但細細學來，也并不困難。不信嗎? 試試趁熱打鐵你就知道了。

 

　　訓練：

 

　　1. The zoo _______ in the north of the city.

 

　　A. lies

 

　　B. builds

 

　　C. seems

 

　　D. lying

 

　　2. --Tom ______out.

 

　　--Oh, is he? What time _______ he ______ out?

 

　　A. is, did, go

 

　　B. went, is, going

 

　　C. has gone, did, go

 

　　D. is going, does, go

 

　　3. --It must be on channel 2. Try that.

 

　　--I ______ that. But I still can't get anything.

 

　　A. have tried

 

　　B. tried

 

　　C. try

 

　　D. will do

 

　　4. They usually ________ TV in the evening.

 

　　A. watch

 

　　B. will watch

 

　　C. are watching

 

　　D. watches

 

　　5. He has _______ for about twelve years.

 

　　A. bought the house

 

　　B. left here

 

　　C. lived here

 

　　D. gone here

 

　　6. The two old man ________ each other since 1970.

 

　　A. didn't seen

 

　　B. don't see

 

　　C. haven't see

 

　　D. won't see

 

　　7. Lucy and Lily can speak good Chinese, because they ______ China for six years.

 

　　A. have been in

 

　　B. have been to

 

　　C. have come to

 

　　D. have gone to

 

　　8. --Our country ______ a lot so far.

 

　　--Yes, I hope it will be even ________.

 

　　A. has changed , well

 

　　B. changed, good

 

　　C. has changed , better

 

　　D. changed, better

 

　　9. --I saw Ann _______ a green dress at the meeting.

 

　　--I think she looks better _______ red.

 

　　A. dressed , in

 

　　B. put on, wear

 

　　C. wearing, in

 

　　D. wear, put on

 

　　10. --I didn't come to school because my mother was ill yesterday.

 

　　--I am sorry ______ that.

 

　　A. hearing

 

　　B. hear

 

　　C. hears

 

　　D. to hear

 

　　實踐：

 

　　1. There will be ______ interesting film tomorrow evening.

 

　　A. a

 

　　B. an

 

　　C. the

 

　　D. some

 

　　2. --What's that over there ?

 

　　-- It's ______ bag.

 

　　A. I

 

　　B. me

 

　　C. my

 

　　D. mine

 

　　3. The students of Class One ______ on the playground.

 

　　A. am playing

 

　　B. is playing

 

　　C. are playing

 

　　D. was playing

 

　　4. You'd better _______ late next time!

 

　　A. not be

 

　　B. not to be

 

　　C. won't be

 

　　D. don' t be

 

　　5. He always gets up early, _______ he?

 

　　A. is

 

　　B. isn't he

 

　　C. does

 

　　D. doesn't

 

　　6. ______ tall the building is!

 

　　A. How a

 

　　B. How

 

　　C. What

 

　　D. What a

 

　　7. Lesson Seven is ________ one in this book.

 

　　A. important

 

　　B. more important

 

　　C. most important

 

　　D. the most important

 

　　8. I will call you as soon as she ________ back.

 

　　A. comes

 

　　B. come

 

　　C. came

 

　　D. will come

 

　　9. He put on his coat ______ went out.

 

　　A. and

 

　　B. but

 

　　C. or

 

　　D. so

 

　　10. --______ I get there before six o'clock?

 

　　-- No, you needn't.

 

　　A. Can

 

　　B. May

 

　　C. Must

 

　　D. Shall

 

　　11. Their baby was born ______ April 2, 1997.

 

　　A. in

 

　　B. on

 

　　C. at

 

　　D. by

 

　　12. Her father is busy _______ the truck.

 

　　A. mend

 

　　B. mends

 

　　C. mended

 

　　D. mending

 

　　13. We ________ the floor when she left.

 

　　A.sweep

 

　　B. swept

 

　　C. were sweeping

 

　　D. are sweeping

 

　　14. He wants ________ some apples and oranges.

 

　　A. to buy

 

　　B. buys

 

　　C. bought

 

　　D. buy

 

　　15. Do you understand ______?

 

　　A. what did he say

 

　　B. he said what

 

　　C. what does he say

 

　　D. what he said