上海小學(xué)五一假期英語知識點總結(jié)：There be結(jié)構(gòu)

 

　　1）英語中的There be 結(jié)構(gòu)意思是“有”，表示在某地或某時有某人或某物。There be 結(jié)構(gòu)強調(diào)的是“存在關(guān)系”。There be 結(jié)構(gòu)中的be具有時態(tài)變化（is， are， was， were）. There be后接的如果是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞時，be只能是單數(shù)形式is或was；如：There is a book on the desk. There was some milk in the bottle yesterday. 如：There be后接的如果是復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞時，一定要用復(fù)數(shù)形式are 或were。There are some books on the desk. There were some books on the desk yesterday.

 

　　2）在英語中表示“有”這一概念除了there be結(jié)構(gòu)以外，還有have/ has。它們的用法區(qū)別：have/ has表示“某物歸某人所有”，強調(diào)所屬關(guān)系，而there be指“在某地或某時有某人或某物”，強調(diào)存在關(guān)系。比較：There is a bus in our school.（只表示存在，bus不一定屬于學(xué)校）

 

　　Our school has a bus.（表示我們學(xué)校擁有bus這一財產(chǎn)）.考查there be 句型的常見題型有單項填空、完型填空、句型轉(zhuǎn)換和改錯等。做這類題時，必須首先認(rèn)真理解全句的意思，看是表示“存在”的“有”還是“擁有”來決定是否用 there be還是用其他句型。

 

　　3）There be可以有現(xiàn)在時（there is/are）、過去時（there was/were）、將來時（there is/are going to be或there will be）和完成時（there have/has been）；還可用there must be ，there can‘t be， there used to be等

 

　　4）反意疑問句的構(gòu)成：be （not） there？

 

　　5）主謂一致：There be 結(jié)構(gòu)中的be動詞要和后面所跟名詞保持一致，遵循就近原則。

 

　　注意：

 

　　1.句型中含有some時，變?yōu)榉穸ň洹⒁蓡柧鋾r一般要改為any。

 

　　2.對數(shù)量提問：How many ＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) ＋ are there ＋…？

 

　　How much ＋不可數(shù)名詞 ＋ is there ＋…？

 

　　3.對句中 sth.部分提問一般用What’s ＋地點狀語？有時也用What‘s there ＋地點狀語？

 

　　4.there be 句型中有時不用動詞be ，而用come ， live ，stand ， lie， seem to be ， happen to be ，等

 

　　訓(xùn)練：

 

　　I.將下列句子改成否定句和一般疑問句，并作肯定與否定回答。

 

　　1. There is some juice in the fridge.

 

　　______________________________________________________

 

　　2. There were two apple trees in front of the house two years ago.

 

　　______________________________________________________

 

　　II..用there be或have的適當(dāng)形式填空。

 

　　1. ________ any pencils in your pencil-box？

 

　　2. ________ you _____________ any pencils in your pencil- box？

 

　　3. Lucy ___________ a twin sister， Lily.

 

　　4. _________ a TV in our classroom last term.

 

　　5. How many hours ___________ in a day？

 

　　6. -How many legs ______ a table ________？ - It _______ four.

 

　　7. -What’s in your bedroom？

 

　　-__________________ a bed， a desk and some chairs.

 

　　8.. My parents _____ two children and ________ four people in my family.

 

　　III.單項填空。

 

　�。� ）1. There ___ any rice in the bowl.

 

　　A. are B. is C. isn‘t D. aren’t

 

　�。� ）2.There ___ many apples on the tree last year.

 

　　A. have been B. were C. are D. is

 

　　（ ）3.How many ___ are there in the room ？

 

　　A. apple B. students C. milk D. paper

 

　　（ ）4.Do you know if ___ a meeting next Sunday ？

 

　　A. there was going to have B. there was going to be

 

　　C. is there going to be D. there will be

 

　�。� ）5.There is some milk in the bottle， ____ ？

 

　　A．isn‘t there B．a(chǎn)ren’t there C．isn‘t it D．a(chǎn)re there

 

　　（ ）6.There ____ a lot of good news in today’s newspaper.

 

　　A. is B. are C. was D. were

 

　　（ ）7.There ____ pencil-box， two books and some flowers on the desk.

 

　　A. is a B. are some C. has a D. have some

 

　�。� ）8. There is little water in the glass， ____ ？

 

　　A. isn‘t there B. isn’t it C. is it D. is there

 

　�。� ）9. -There is no air or water on the moon. Is there？ - ____.

 

　　A. Yes， there are B. No， there isn‘t C. Yes， there isn’t D. No， there is

 

　�。� ）10. -What did you see in the basket then ？

 

　　-There ____ a bottle of orange and some oranges.

 

　　A. is B. are C. was D. were

 

　�。� ）11. ____ is there on the table？

 

　　A. How many apples B. How much bread C. How much breads D. How many food

 

　�。� ）12. There isn‘t ____ paper in the box.. Will you go and get some for me？

 

　　A. any B. some C. a D. an

 

　�。� ）13. There ____ something wrong with our classroom.

 

　　A. are B. has C. is D. have

 

　�。� ）14. There is some ____ on the table.

 

　　A. apple B. orange C. cake D. sandwich