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初二英語知識點之賓語從句!如果是初一初二的同學不妨多積累積累英文文章的閱讀量,不必費勁去找一些資料,課文、新概念和學校訂的英文報紙足矣。當然,如果你能將課文背得滾瓜爛熟,我會強烈建議你去找一些英語讀物,找不到的話歷年中考真題也是極好的。下面小編為大家?guī)?span style="color:#f00;">初二英語知識點之賓語從句。
【考點掃描】 對賓語從句的考查主要集中在以下幾個方面:
1. 引導賓語從句的連詞和連接代詞或連接副詞的選擇;
2. 賓語從句的語序;
3. 賓語從句的時態(tài)。
閱讀理解和書面表達肯定也要用到賓語從句。
【精講】
一. 賓語從句的種類
賓語從句是一種名詞性從句,在句中作及物動詞的賓語或介詞的賓語或形容詞的賓語。根據(jù)引導賓語從句的不同連詞,賓語從句可分為三類:
1. 由that引導的賓語從句。That只有語法作用,沒有實在的意義,在口語和非正式文體中可以省略。例如:
He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.
She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill.
I am sure (that) he will succeed.
2. 由連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which和連接副詞when, where, why, how引導的賓語從句。這些連接代詞和連接副詞在賓語從句中充當某個成分且有實在的意義。例如:
Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?
He asked whose handwriting was the best.
Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?
I don’t know why the train is late.
3. 由if或whether引導的賓語從句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”, 在從句中不充當句子成分。例如:
I want to know if (whether) he lives there.
He asked me whether (if) I could help him.
二. 賓語從句的語序
賓語從句的語序應(yīng)為陳述句的語序。例如:
I hear (that) physics isn’t easy.
I think (that) you will like this school soon.
Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?
Please tell me when we’ll have the meeting.
三. 賓語從句的時態(tài)
1. 如果主句的時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時,賓語從句該用什么時態(tài)就用什么時態(tài)。
如:
I don’t think (that) you are right.
Please tell us where he is.
Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?
2. 如果主句的時態(tài)是一般過去時,賓語從句只能用相應(yīng)的過去時態(tài)(一般過去時, 過去進行時, 過去將來時,過去完成時)。例如:
He asked what time it was.
He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.
He asked if you had written to Peter.
He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.
3. 如果賓語從句所陳述的是客觀真理,其時態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時。例如:
Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.
Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.
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