初二英語動詞語法概述(8)

　　there be中考知識點(diǎn)掃描

　　there be結(jié)構(gòu)作為初中的一個重點(diǎn)句型，在教育部新頒布的《英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》中，作為簡單句的基本句型列入其中，在各地中診斷卷中也頻頻亮相。

　　考點(diǎn)一：對there be基本理念的考查

　　1.—What did you see on the desk then?

　　—There ________ a bottle of orange.

　　[03北京宣武區(qū)]

　　A. was B. were C. has D. had

　　2. There ________ an English film here tomorrow. [04武漢]

　　A. has B. is going to be C. will have

　　3. There used to have few tall buildings around our village. (找錯并改正)

　　A 　B 　C 　D

　　[03陜西]

　　4.—What’s on the plate?

　　—There ________ some bread on it.

　　[03吉林]

　　A. is B. are C. has D. have

　　[掃描1]

　　根據(jù)句子的時間狀語或上下文暗示、銜接等，在初中階段be的形式不外乎有這么幾種：

　　①現(xiàn)在時(is / are)、過去時(was / were)、將來時(will be)、完成時(have / has / had been);

　�、诳梢耘c情態(tài)動詞連用，組成there +情態(tài)動詞+be的形式，表推測語氣;

　�、劭膳cseem, appear, used to等狀態(tài)詞連用，構(gòu)成there seems / appears / used to be...;

　　答案要點(diǎn)：

　　1.題中的問句用了過去時，又因?yàn)榇鹫Z中為“一瓶桔子汁”，故答案為A。

　　2.題中有一個表示將來的tomorrow，又因?yàn)閠here be的形式中不能用助動詞have，故答案為B。

　　3.題錯誤之處為C，應(yīng)改為be。

　　4.題中some bread為不可數(shù)名詞，應(yīng)選A。

　　考點(diǎn)二：考查there be句型的臨近一致性

　　1. There ________ a pencil on the desk and you may use it. [03北京石景山區(qū)]

　　A. is B. are C. was D. were

　　2. There ________ two knives in the pencilbox. [03哈爾濱]

　　A. are B. be C. is D. am

　　3. There ________ a pair of shoes under the bed. The shoes ________ mine. [04蘭州]

　　A. is;are B. is;is C. are;is D. are;are

　　[掃描2]

　　be的形式受后面靠近它的主語在人稱和數(shù)上的制約，必須采取就近原則，與臨近的主語保持一致，必須看清楚there后跟的是可數(shù)名詞，還是不可數(shù)名詞。還必須注意既有可數(shù)名詞又有不可數(shù)名詞的時候，be的形式的臨近一致性。如:There is a bag of rice, two baskets of apples and three people under the tree.

　　答案要點(diǎn)：

　　1. a pencil為可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式，可從A、C中選，又從and you may use it可以得出，選擇A。

　　2.句中有two knives，名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故選A。

　　3. a pair of修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)時，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式，而shoes是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故答案為A。

　　考點(diǎn)三：考查there be和have/has表示“有”的含義時的區(qū)別

　　1. There ________ two pictures on the wall.

　　[03北京大興區(qū)]

　　A. is B. have C. are D. has

　　2. There ________ a football game in our school next week. [03新疆生產(chǎn)建設(shè)兵團(tuán)]

　　A. has B. is going to be C. have D. is going to have

　　3. There________ a football match on TV this evening. [04陜西]

　　A. will have B. is going to be C. has D. is going to have

　　4. There is going to have a football match next Friday afternoon.

　　A 　　　B 　　　　　　　　　C 　　　D

　　(找錯并改正)[04南京]

　　[掃描3]

　　英語中表示“有”的含義時可以用there be句型,也可以用have/has(got)表達(dá)，但二者在用法上有根本的區(qū)別：

　　there be句型表示存在，即某處有某物;have/has (got)表示所有、擁有，即某人(物)有……。如：

　　They have a beautiful home.

　　I’ve got an idea.

　　在there be句型中be的形式不能用have/has替代。

　　答案要點(diǎn)：根據(jù)以上分析可得：1. C 2. B 3. B 4. B(應(yīng)把have改成be)

　　考點(diǎn)四：考查there be的反意疑問句

　　1. There is a beautiful clock on the wall, ________? [03桂林]

　　A. isn’t there B. is there C. isn’t it D. doesn’t it

　　2. There is little milk in the bottle, ________? [03廣東]

　　A. isn’t it B. is it C. isn’t there D. is there

　　3. There was no time for the twins to go shopping, ________ ________?(完成反意疑問句) [03哈爾濱]

　　[掃描4]

　　there be句型的反意疑問句必須用there進(jìn)行反問，這時需要注意的是there be句型中是否有seldom, hardly, little, few, no, nothing, nobody之類的否定詞或半否定詞，若有，則該部分應(yīng)看成是否定的，反意疑問部分必須用肯定式。如果there be中帶有否定的前綴的詞，則該部分應(yīng)看成肯定式，反意疑問部分仍要用否定形式。如: There was an unusual bike under the tree, wasn’t there?

　　答案要點(diǎn)：根據(jù)掃描4可得，1. A 2. D 3. was there

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