預(yù)約課程還可獲贈免費的學(xué)習(xí)復(fù)習(xí)診斷
點擊預(yù)約→免費的1對1學(xué)科診斷及課程規(guī)劃
(13)talk about(談話;交談),talk with(和……交談)
(14)turn on(打開電燈,收音機,煤氣,自來水等),turn off(關(guān)上電燈,收音機,煤氣,自來水等),turn down(關(guān)小;調(diào)低),turn…over(把…..翻過來)
(15)think of(認(rèn)為;想起),think about(考慮)
3.句子的基本句型結(jié)構(gòu)
根據(jù)句子所用動詞的不同,句子可歸納為五個基本句型。
(1)主語+連系動詞+表語。例如:
My mother is a doctor.
Her voice sounds nice.
(2)主語+不及物動詞。例如:
He runs fast.
We study hard.
(3)主語+及物動詞+賓語。例如:
Children often sing this song.
He studies English.
1)常用-ing形式, 而不用不定式作賓語的動詞有:enjoy, finish, feel like, consider, practise, keep, suggest, mind等。例如:
She enjoys reading novels and swimming.
I finished reading the book last night.
2)常用不定式,而不用-ing形式作賓語的動詞有:wish, hope, agree, plan, decide, refuse等。例如:
Where do wish to sit?
Tom agreed to lend some money.
3)有些及物動詞既可用不定式,由可用-ing形式作賓語,但意義不同。這類動詞常見的有:remember, forget等。例如:
Please remember to post the letter for me.
請記住替我發(fā)了這封信。
I remember posting the letter.
我記得那封信寄過了。
Stop的用法同上面的詞相仿,不過stop后面跟不定式不是作賓語,而是作狀語。試比較下列句子:
He stopped to smoke. 他停下來吸煙。
He stopped smoking. 他停止吸煙了。
4)有些及物動詞的賓語,既可用不定式,又可用-ing形式,意義基本相同。這類動詞常見的有:like, love, hate, begin, start, continue等。例如:
I like to swim in summer.
I like swimming in summer.
(4)主語+及物動詞+ 間接賓語+直接賓語。例如:
My father bought me a new bike.
He gave me an apple.
1)及物動詞之后跟有雙賓語,往往一個指人,一個指物。指人的為間接賓語,
指物的為直接賓語。一般情況下,間接賓語在前,直接賓語在后。如果要
把間接賓語放在直接賓語之后,間接賓語前需加介詞。例如:
Please pass me a cup of tea.= Please pass a cup of tea to me.
Show me your new book, please. =Please show your new book to me.
2)把間接賓語放在直接賓語之后,間接賓前有時加介詞to, 有時加介詞for,這主要取決于謂語動詞。一般在動詞give, tell, sell, lend, show之后加to。在動詞buy, make, get等之后加for。例如:
Would you lend me your dictionary, please? =Would you lend your dictionary to me, please?
Tom’s mother bought him a pair of new shoes. =Tom’s mother bought a pair of new shoes for him.
(5)主語+及物動詞+賓語+賓語補足語。例如:
We keep our classroom clean and tidy.
I hear someone singing in the next room.
1)及物動詞指后跟有復(fù)合賓語,一個是賓語,一個是賓語補足語。賓語和賓語補足語之間有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。例如:
We call him Jack.
Don’t get your hands dirty.
2)在及物動詞之后,用不定式作賓語補足語和用-ing形式作賓語補足語表示
的意思往往不同。用不定式作賓語補足語指事情的全過程;用-ing形式作
賓語補足語指正在進行的動作的一部分。例如:
I heard him sing that song. (我聽他唱過那首歌。)
When I came back, I heard him singing in the room.
(我回來時,聽見他正在房間里唱歌。)