預約高中1對1精品課程(面授/在線),滿足學員個性化學習需求 馬上報名↓
定語從句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定語,修飾一個名詞或代詞,有時也可以修飾部分或整個句子。
被修飾的名詞,詞組或代詞即先行詞。定語從句通常出現(xiàn)在先行詞之后,由關系詞(關系代詞或關系副詞)引出。
關系代詞有:who, whom, whose, that, which, as。
關系副詞有:when, where, why, how。
關系代詞和關系副詞放在先行詞和定語從句之間,起連接作用,同時又可做定語從句的一個成分。當關系代詞做賓語時可以省略。
定語從句中的謂語動詞必須在人稱上和數(shù)量上和先行詞保持一致。
定語從句分為限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句。
1 、關系代詞引導的定語從句
1) who, whom, that 這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞,在從句中所起作用如下:
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?(who/that在從句中作主語)
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.(whom/that在從句中作賓語)
2) whose 用來指人或物,(只用作定語,若指物,它還可以同of which互換),例如:
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.
3) which, that 它們所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞,在從句中可作主語、賓語等,例如:
A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.(which / that在句中作賓語)
The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. (which / that在句中作賓語)
關系代詞that和which 都可以指物,that 和Who 都可以指人,其用法區(qū)別:
不用that的情況:
a) 在引導非限定性定語從句時
(錯)The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here.
b) 介詞后不能用
We depend on the land from which we get our food.
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