新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)歸納：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(3)

　　【動(dòng)名詞】

　　1．動(dòng)名詞定義：具有名詞性質(zhì)，可在句中擔(dān)任主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)，具有所有格作修飾語(yǔ)。

　　2．形式：以do為例

　　doing → being done

　　having done → having been done

　　3．用法：

　�。�1）主語(yǔ)：

　　Saving is easier than doing.

　　His coming here will be a great help.

　　It is no use waiting here, he has left.

　　There is no getting along with him.（簡(jiǎn)直無(wú)法和他相處）

　�。�2）表語(yǔ)：

　　His job is keeping the hall clean as possible.

　　Seeing is believing.

　�。�3）賓語(yǔ)：

　　a. 動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)：

　　He admitted taking the book.

　　I do mind your smoking here.

　　重磅要點(diǎn)：下列動(dòng)詞須跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)：

　　admit, appreciate, avoid, complete, delay, deny, enjoy, fancy, finish, mind, practice, resent, risk, suggest, allow, permit...

　　特注：以allow為例：allow + doing sth（動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)）。但可以：Allow sb to do sth（不定式作賓補(bǔ)）。

　　這類動(dòng)詞常見如 advise, allow, permit, recommend, etc.

　　b. 作介詞賓語(yǔ)：

　　He left without saying goodbye to us.

　　I'm looking forward to meeting you.（to 在這里是介詞）

　　（4）定語(yǔ)：

　　reading room swimming pool walking stick

　　4．動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：由名詞所有格或物主代詞與動(dòng)名詞構(gòu)成。

　　His leaving is a great loss.

　　Mother dislikes my (me) working late.

　　John's having seen her did not make her worried.

　　注：動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)多作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，作主語(yǔ)是必須是所有格。如上二例，但作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以用所有格，也可用普通格。

　　5．動(dòng)名詞時(shí)態(tài)：

　　I am thinking of setting a new dictionary.（以后）

　　He never talked to me about his having been in Paris.（以前）

　　6．動(dòng)名詞語(yǔ)態(tài)：

　　He doesn't like being flattered.

　　I heard of his having been chosen to be the coach of the team.

　　7．動(dòng)名詞與不定式在用法上的幾點(diǎn)比較：

　�。�1）在 begin，start，continue 等詞后用動(dòng)名詞或不定式區(qū)別不大。

　　He began writing / to write in 1980.

　�。�2）下列動(dòng)詞跟不定式或動(dòng)名詞所表示意義差別很大，注意使用。

　　He stopped talking. 停止講話。

　　He stopped to talk. 停下來(lái)開始講話。

　　Please remember to post the letter. 記住寄走這封信。

　　I remember posting the letter. 我記得寄出了這封信。

　　I forgot to lock the door yesterday. 昨天我忘記鎖門了。（未鎖）

　　I forgot telling him the news. 我忘了我曾告訴過(guò)他這個(gè)消息。（做過(guò)的事情忘記了）

　　【診斷精編】

　　1.The workers favor ________ funds to build the bridge.

　　A. to raise B. raising C. raised D. rising

　　2. No one can avoid ________ by one's surroundings.

　　A. to be influenced B. having influenced

　　C. influencing D. being influenced

　　3. She doesn't feel like ________ tonight.

　　A. dancing B. to dance C. dance D. to be

　　4. Does Mr Wang object to ________ her the money?

　　A. that we lend B. be lent C. lending D. lend

　　5. I can still recall ________ with him many years ago.

　　A. to stay B. to staying C. to have stayed D. having stayed

　　KEYS

　　1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. D

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