2020年上海中考英語倒裝句語法知識點(2)

　　14.3 以否定詞開頭作部分倒裝

　　如 Not only…but also, Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner… than

　　Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender.

　　Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.

　　No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.

　　典型例題

　　No sooner___ than it began to rain heavily.

　　A. the game began　　　　　 B.　has the game begun

　　C. did the game begin　　　 D.　had the game begun

　　答案D. 以具有否定意義的副詞放在句首時，一般采用倒裝句(謂語前置)。這類表示否定意義的詞有never, seldom, scarcely, little, few, not, hardly, 以及not only…but (also), no sooner…than, hardly… when scarcely… when　等等。

　　注意：只有當Not only… but also連接兩個分句時，才在先進個分句用倒裝結構。如果置于句首的Not only… but also僅連接兩個并列詞語，不可用倒裝結構。

　　Not only you but also I am fond of music.

　　14.4 so, neither, nor作部分倒裝

　　以so/neither起首的倒裝句，結構為so/neither+謂語(助動詞/be動詞/情態(tài)動詞)+主語，用于說明上文所描述的情況也同樣適用于下文的人或物。該結構中謂語動詞的選擇在形式上要和上文的謂語保持一致，數要由下文的主語來決定。

　　注意，在“so+謂語+主語”的結構中，主語是另外的人或物，而在“so+主語+謂語”的結構中，主語仍是上文的人或物，表示對 上文所講事實的肯定或強調，如，She can play the piano, so she can.(她會彈鋼琴，她的確會。)

　　(1)He can sing a lot of English songs, so can she.他會唱很多英語歌曲，她也是。

　　(2)She speaks English very well, so do I.她英語說得好，我也是。

　　(3)Li Lei hasn’t read this book, neither has Lin Feng.李蕾沒看過這本書，林風也沒看過。

　　She went to school just now. So did I . 她剛才去學校了，我也是

　　She has finished the work. So have I . 她已經完成了工作,我也完成了。

　　She will go to school. So will he.　她將去學校，他也是。典型例題

　　---Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother?

　　---I don't know, _____.

　　A. nor don't I care　　B. nor do I care　　C. I don't care neither　　D. I don't care also

　　答案：B. nor為增補意思"也不關心"，因此句子應倒裝。A錯在用 don't 再次否定， C neither 用法不對且缺乏連詞。 D缺乏連詞。

　　注意： 當so引出的句子用以對上文內容加以證實或肯定時，不可用倒裝結構。意為"的確如此"。

　　Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did.

　　---It's raining hard.　　　---So it is.