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歸納:1)反意疑問(wèn)句由兩部分組成:前一部分陳述,后一部分提問(wèn)。
2)如果前一部分用肯定形式,后一部分就用否定形式;如果前一部分用否定,后,部分就用肯定形式。即:前肯后否,前否后肯。
3)如果前句的謂語(yǔ)是行為動(dòng)詞,則反意疑問(wèn)部分需借助助詞do, don’t dose doesn’t或did(didn’t),需使用哪一個(gè),視乎時(shí)態(tài)、人稱(chēng)而定。
一些特殊的反意疑問(wèn)句:
1.陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是I'm...句型時(shí),疑問(wèn)部分要用aren't I。如:
I'm an English teacher, aren't I? 我是一名英語(yǔ)老師,不是嗎?
2.陳述部分是感嘆句時(shí),疑問(wèn)部分用be +主語(yǔ)。如:
What beautiful hats, aren't they? 多么漂亮的帽子,不是嗎?
3.陳述部分是省去主語(yǔ)的祈使句時(shí),疑問(wèn)部分用will you。如:
Don't be late next time, will you? 下次不要遲到了,好嗎?
Come here, will you / won't you? 到這兒來(lái),好嗎?
注意:Let's 開(kāi)頭的祈使句,疑問(wèn)部分用shall we,Let us 開(kāi)頭的祈使句,疑問(wèn)部分用will you。
如:Let's start with the song, shall we? 咱們以這首歌開(kāi)始,好嗎?
Let us help you, will you? 讓我?guī)椭悖脝幔?/p>
4.陳述部分的謂語(yǔ)是wish,疑問(wèn)部分要用may +主語(yǔ)。如:
I wish to go to Beijing, may I? 我希望去北京,好嗎?
5.陳述部分用no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含義的詞時(shí),疑問(wèn)部分用肯定含義。
如:They never go there, do they ? 他們從不去那兒,是嗎?
6.含有ought to 的反意疑問(wèn)句,陳述部分是肯定的,疑問(wèn)部分用shouldn't / oughtn't +主語(yǔ)。
如:He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn't he? 他應(yīng)該知道該做什么,對(duì)嗎?
7.陳述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.),疑問(wèn)部分常用don't +主語(yǔ)(didn't +主語(yǔ))。如:
We have to sleep here, don't we? 我們必須睡在這兒,對(duì)吧?
8.must在表“推測(cè)”時(shí),根據(jù)其推測(cè)的情況來(lái)確定反意疑問(wèn)句。如:
He must be Tom, isn't he?他一定是湯姆,不是嗎?
It must be going to rain tomorrow, won't it? 明天肯定要下雨,是嗎?
9.陳述部分的謂語(yǔ)是used to 時(shí),疑問(wèn)部分用didn't +主語(yǔ)或usen't +主語(yǔ)。如:
He used to be a bad boy, didn't he? / usen't he?他過(guò)去是個(gè)壞男孩,是吧?
10.陳述部分有had better + v.,疑問(wèn)句部分用hadn't you。如:
You'd better go there now, hadn't you?你較好現(xiàn)在去那兒,好嗎?
11.陳述部分有would rather +v.,疑問(wèn)部分多用wouldn't +主語(yǔ)。如:
He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?
他寧可讀十遍也不愿意背誦,是嗎?
12.陳述部分有You'd like to +v., 疑問(wèn)部分用wouldn't +主語(yǔ)。如:
You'd like to go to bed earlier, wouldn't you? 你想早點(diǎn)兒睡覺(jué),對(duì)嗎?
13.陳述部分有must,疑問(wèn)部分根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定。如:
He must be a doctor, isn't he? 他肯定是醫(yī)生,是嗎?
You must have studied English for four years, haven't you? / didn't you?
你一定學(xué)了四年英語(yǔ),對(duì)嗎?
He must have finished it yesterday, didn't he? 他肯定是在昨天完成任務(wù)的,是嗎?
14.陳述部分由neither... nor, either... or 連接的并列主語(yǔ)時(shí),疑問(wèn)部分根據(jù)其實(shí)際邏輯意義而定。如:
Neither you nor I am a teacher, are we? 你不是老師,我也不是,對(duì)嗎?
15.陳述部分主語(yǔ)是指示代詞或不定代詞everything, that, nothing, this, 疑問(wèn)部分主語(yǔ)用it。如:
Everything is ready, isn't it? 一切就緒,是嗎?
16.陳述部分為主語(yǔ)從句或并列復(fù)合句,疑問(wèn)部分有三種情況:
a. 并列復(fù)合句的疑問(wèn)部分,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞根據(jù)鄰近從句的謂語(yǔ)而定。如:
Mr. Smith had been to Shanghai for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn't he?
史密斯先生曾幾次去過(guò)上海,按理說(shuō)他現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該在中國(guó),是嗎?
b. 帶有定語(yǔ)從句,賓語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句,疑問(wèn)部分謂語(yǔ)根據(jù)主句的謂語(yǔ)而定。如:
He said he wanted to visit Urumchi, didn't he?
他說(shuō)他想去烏魯木齊看看,他是那樣說(shuō)的嗎?
c. 陳述部分主句為先進(jìn)人稱(chēng),謂語(yǔ)是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句,疑問(wèn)部分與賓語(yǔ)從句相對(duì)應(yīng)構(gòu)成反意疑問(wèn)句。如:
I don't think he is clever, is he? 我認(rèn)為他并不聰明,是嗎?
We believe she can do it better, can't she? 我們相信她能做得更好,她不能嗎?
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