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高中期末考試-高三英語期末之副詞用法

2019-01-11 19:45:36  來源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)整理

  高中期末診斷-高三英語期末之副詞用法!元旦過后,馬上就要到期末診斷了。同學(xué)們學(xué)習(xí)了將近十年左右的英語,大家學(xué)習(xí)的起步靠的是單詞,成績靠的是單詞,關(guān)于單詞,大家積累了多少,運(yùn)用的熟練了嗎?愛智康助力診斷,下面是高中期末診斷-高三英語期末之副詞用法希望對同學(xué)們有幫助!

 

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  高中期末診斷-高三英語期末之副詞用法(一)


  1. 形容詞、副詞


  形容詞和副詞,屆屆高考可能會考。命題者或在單項(xiàng)選擇或在完形填空或在短文改錯或在動副詞組中對形容詞、副詞給予了考查。特別是它們的比較級的用法,高考考得尤其多。學(xué)習(xí)形容詞、副詞的用法千萬要掌握:


  1. as… as… 之間務(wù)必要用形容詞、副詞的原級。


  2. more 后絕不可接形容詞、副詞的比較級(去掉 more 或改 more 為 much 等)。


  3. 形容詞、副詞不可單獨(dú)作謂語(應(yīng)在形、副之前加上適當(dāng)?shù)南祫釉~)。


  4. 倍數(shù)位于形容詞或副詞的原級或比較級之前。


  5. 否定詞和比較級連用表達(dá)更高級意義。


  比如:


  Our classroom isn’t as big as theirs.


  Our classroom is much bigger than theirs.


  Our classroom is very big.


  Our classroom is three times as big as theirs.


  Our classroom is twice bigger than theirs.


  In our school, no other classroom is larger than ours.


  (= Our classroom is the largest (one) in our school.)


  高中期末診斷-高三英語期末之副詞用法(二)


  2. 形容詞、副詞的功能


  形容詞不可單獨(dú)作謂語,必須與某個(gè)系動詞一起構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)式謂語。形容詞單獨(dú)作謂語這一錯誤用法,高考常在短文改錯中表現(xiàn)出來,考生務(wù)必要留心注意。副詞也不可單獨(dú)作謂語,它作謂語時(shí),其前也要加系動詞。


  單個(gè)形容詞作前置定語(enough 修飾名詞時(shí)例外,它既可前置,亦可后置),但副詞(即使是單個(gè)副詞)修飾名詞作定語時(shí),一律要后置。


  單個(gè)形容詞修飾不定代詞時(shí),必須后置。


  This is an interesting book.


  I have enough books for everyone. = I have books enough for everyone.


  Let’s get up. The lights are on.


  Attention, please. I have something important to tell you.


  形容詞短語修飾名詞時(shí),與副詞修飾名詞一樣,必須后置。


  Do you know the boy tall enough to reach the ceiling?


  On his way home, he looked up and saw the light above shaking.


  形容詞除了作定語、表語外,還可充當(dāng)補(bǔ)語、狀語;副詞的作用功能也一樣。


  Many people like to sleep with windows open even in winter.


  The news that our class had won the final game made us happy.


  The old died happy.


  The glass fell to the ground, broken and the old man fell to the floor, dead.


  Afraid of being beaten, the girl was afraid to go home.


  Sometimes even in the daytime I find the lights in their office on.


  高中期末診斷-高三英語期末之副詞用法(三)


  3. 形容詞、副詞的比較等級


  注意:


 、偕贁(shù)多音節(jié)詞加 -er,-est 或前面加 more,most 都可,形容詞有pleasant,common,handsome,polite 等。如:


  common-commoner/more common 更平常


 、趲讉(gè)較特殊的詞,如:shy,gay,gray 等應(yīng)在原詞后直接加 –er,-est。如:gray — grayer— grayest


 、酆铣尚稳菰~比較級的構(gòu)成只變形容詞。如:


  fine-looking — finer-looking — finest-looking


  well-known — better-known — best-known


 、苡煞衷~轉(zhuǎn)化來的形容詞比較級用 more,most。如:


  interesting — more interesting — most interesting


  3. 形容詞比較級、更高級的用法


  (1) 原級


  句型I


  如:


  Tom is as tall as Mary.


  湯姆和瑪麗一樣高。


  This summer is not as hot as last summer.


  今年夏天沒有去年夏天那么熱。


  句型Ⅱ


  如:


  He is just as strong as ever.


  他正如以前一樣強(qiáng)壯。


  Please come as soon as possible.


  請盡快來。


  句型Ⅲ


  如:


  She is the same age as my sister (is).


  她和我姐妹一樣年紀(jì)。


  This picture is similar to that one.


  這幅畫同那幅畫相像。


  We think alike.


  我們想法一致。


  The two sisters are much alike.


  姐妹倆很相像。


  (2) 比較級


  句型I


  如:


  This room is bigger than that one.


  這間房比那間大。


  She is less famous than I (am).


  她不如我有名氣。


  句型Ⅱ


  如:


  It is getting warmer and warmer.


  天氣越來越暖和。


  The more you have, the happier you will be.


  你擁有的越多,你就會越高興。


  注意:該句型的緊縮式:The more, the better. 越多越好。


  句型Ⅲ


  如:


  Mary is the taller or the two sisters.


  兩姐妹中瑪麗較高些。


  (3) 形容詞比較級使用注意事項(xiàng)


 、儆行┬稳菰~無比較級


  ②注意不要用雙料比較級,如不能說:more better.


 、踤o 和比較級連用,no 含用 not at all 之意,如:no better = not better alt all,“一點(diǎn)沒好到哪兒去”或“同……一樣好”。


  ④有少數(shù)形容詞比較級后不接 than,而接 to。如:


  He is senior to me. (= older than I)


  她比我大。


  This book is superior to that. (= better than that)


  這本書比那本好。


 、萃蝗嘶虿煌、物的不同性質(zhì)的比較。不同性質(zhì)相比的比較不可用“-er”,必須用“more…”。如:


  兩人的比較:She is as beautiful as Mary (is).


  她和瑪麗一樣美。


  一人自身比較:She is as beautiful as (she is) clever.


  她不僅美麗而且聰明。


  句型為:more A than B“與其說……,不如說……”。


 、“more than”有時(shí)等 于 very。如:


  They are more than glad to help.


  他們非常樂意幫忙。


 、咝稳菰~比較級可用下列詞來修飾,表示程度。


  如:


  You are even more beautiful than before.


  你比從前漂亮多了。


  Have you any more paper?


  你還有紙嗎?


 、“not +比較級”與“no +比較級”有區(qū)別。試比較:


  He is not older than 30.


  他還不到30歲。


  He is no older than 30.


  他過不了30歲。(也許30歲,也許不到)


  ⑨在“more… than”結(jié)構(gòu)中,than 后有時(shí)接代詞的主格與賓格,在意義上有差異。試比較:


  Tom likes her better than he (likes her).


  Tom likes her better than him (= he likes him).


  先進(jìn)句意為“湯姆比他(另一個(gè)人)更喜歡她”。第二句意為“湯姆喜歡她甚于喜歡他。”


  ⑩用比較級來表示更高級。如:


  It couldn’t be safer.


  再安全不過了。


  She can’t be more beautiful.


  她科美極了。


  11要避免模糊不清的比較。如:I hope you can visit our city, because it is more beautiful.這句話省略了than短語。再如:The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.上海人口比北京多。句中的“than of ”不可省略,以說明兩個(gè)比較對象。


  (4) 更高級


  句型I


  如:


  Mathematics is the least interesting of all the subjects.


  所有科目中數(shù)學(xué)較沒意思。


  The youngest of the family was the richest.


  家中較年輕的一位即是較富有的一位。


  句型Ⅱ


  如:


  Tom is one of the best students in our class.


  湯姆是我們班較好的孩子之一。


  He was one of the greatest presidents (that) we have (ever) had.


  他是我們所見過的較偉大的總統(tǒng)之一。


  (5) 形容詞更高級使用注意事項(xiàng)


  ① 形容詞更高級前省去 the 的情況:


  形容詞更高級前有物主代詞。如:


  My happiest day 我較高興的一天


  自身相比(不與他人、物相比)。如:


  Fruits are best when they are fresh.


  水果新鮮時(shí)較好。


  意為“非常”(相當(dāng)于very)。如:


  He is most generous.


  他非常慷慨。


  ② last 與 least 修飾名詞時(shí),有差導(dǎo)師。試比較:


  He is the last man to have done that.


  較不可能干這事的就是他。(last意為“較不……的”)


  This is the least thing that I’ve done.


  這是我所做的事中較微不足道的一件。(least 意為“較少、小”)


  (6) 更高級形容詞的慣用語


  at (the) least 至少


  at (the) most 至多(不過)


  at best 充其量不過


  at (the) worst 較壞不過


  at last 終于


  at (the) latest 較遲不過


  at one’s best 在……的較好狀態(tài),全盛時(shí)期


  for the most part 多半,大部分


  do one’s best 盡全力


  make the most of 盡量利用


  4. 無比較級的副詞


  常見的無比較級的副詞有:daily,only,really,then,here,there,very,badly,uniquely…


  5. 修飾比較級的副詞


  常見的修飾比較級的副詞如下表:


  零程度


  no, not… any,nothing,not all at,not a bit


  微程度


  a little,a bit,rather,some,somewhat,slightly


  重程度


  much,far,by far,very much,a lot,a great (good) deal


  其他詞


  still,yet,even


  如:


  He is nothing wiser than before.


  他一點(diǎn)不比過去更聰明。


  The weather is rather worse than we expected.


  天氣比我們所預(yù)期的要糟得多。


  注意:修飾“more +復(fù)數(shù)名詞”要用 many 或 far;修飾“fewer +復(fù)數(shù)名詞”要用 far。如:


  There are many more students in this class than in that one.


  這班的孩子比那班的孩子多得多。


  I made far fewer mistakes this time than I did last time.


  我這次比上次少出許多錯。


  常見的修飾更高級的副詞有:very,much,far,by far。如:


  He is much the best student in his class.


  他是他班上較好的孩子(比別人好也許多)。


  She runs by far the fastest in our school.


  她是我們學(xué)校跑得較快的(超過別人許多)。


  6. 副詞比較級和更高級的用法


  (1) 原級


  句型:as …as (肯定) not so… as (否定)


  如:


  I work just as hard as he does.


  我工作同他一樣努力。


  I don’t work so hard as he does.


  我工作不像他那樣努力。


  比較級句型I:more… than less… than


  如:


  I got there earlier than he did.


  我比他到達(dá)那里還要早。


  He writes less carefully than I do.


  他寫東西不如我認(rèn)真。


  注意:


 、俑痹~比較級的否定式,一般不說:He doesn’t write more carefully than I do.而用“less”表示否定,說:He writes less carefully than I do.


  ②在 than 引導(dǎo)的從句中,動詞常用 do,does,did 等詞代替。


 、墼诳谡Z中,常用“not so/as… as”代替“less… than”結(jié)構(gòu)。如:


  He doesn’t write as carefully as I do. (= He writes less carefully than I do.)


  他寫東西不如我認(rèn)真。


 、躮ore than/less than 常用作副詞修飾數(shù)詞。如:


  More than fifty students went there.


  有五十多人去那里了。


 、輧烧呦啾瘸S“the +比較級+ of the two”結(jié)構(gòu)。如:


  Tom works the harder of the two (students).


  湯姆是兩人中工作更努力的一個(gè)。


  句型Ⅱ:


  比較級+ and +比較級


  more and more +原級 越來越,日漸……


  less and less +原級


  如:


  He is running faster and faster.


  他跑得越來越快。


  句型Ⅲ:


  the +比較級…,+the+比較級 越…就越…


  如:


  The harder you study, the more you will learn.


  你越是用功學(xué),就越能學(xué)到到更多東西。


  (2) 更高級


  句型:


  (the) +更高級+ of the…/in…(肯定)


  not… (the)+更高級…(否定)


  如:


  He works (the) hardest of all the students in the class.


  他在班里同學(xué)中較用功。


  He doesn’t work (the) hardest in his class.


  他在班里并不是較用功。


  注意:


 、俑痹~更高級前一般有冠詞 the,但有時(shí)也可省略。


  ②不帶冠詞的更高級副詞 most,常用來代替 very,表示程度。如:


  She dances most graceful (of them all).


  (在她們中)她舞跳得較美/很美。


  ③用比較級表示更高級。如:


  the other students in his class.


  He words harder than any other student in his class.


  anybody else in his class.


  = He words (the) hardest in his class.


  他在班里學(xué)習(xí)較用功。


  注意:英語的比較句比較嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)。如果 A 與其它人進(jìn)行比較,首先應(yīng)把 A 排除在外,然后再與除他以外的其它人或其它人之中的任何一個(gè)人進(jìn)行比較。


  7. 含有比較級、更高級副詞的慣用語


  at (the) best 較好不過,充其量


  at (the)worst 較壞不過,充其量


  at (the) most 至多


  at the least 至少


  at last 終于


  at (the) latest 較遲


  in the least 一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)


  not in the least 一點(diǎn)也不


  more or less 大約,有點(diǎn)


  5. 多個(gè)形容詞的排列順序


  一般來說,兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的形容詞修飾名詞時(shí),如果與被修飾的名詞關(guān)系越密切,特征越明顯,那么就越靠近中心名詞。具體說有兩種情況:


  1. 如果幾個(gè)形容詞重要性差不多,那么將音節(jié)少的形容詞放在前,音節(jié)多的形容詞置于后。


  Our great motherland is a powerful socialist country.


  Tina is really a lovely and beautiful girl.


  2. 如果性質(zhì)、特征等相差遠(yuǎn)的多個(gè)形容詞修飾名詞,習(xí)慣上按下列順序排列:


  限定詞 并列形容詞


  冠詞+名/代所有格+序數(shù)詞+基數(shù)詞 + 性質(zhì)+大小+形狀+年齡+顏色+國別+材料


  +被修飾的中心名詞


  例如:


  The boy’s two beautiful little red flowers were sent to his first two teachers.


  6. 無比較級、無更高級的形容詞


  此類形容詞常被稱作為少有形容詞,它們一般不能被 very,rather 或 fairly 等修飾,但可被 quite,completely 或 really 等修飾。


  此類形容詞常見的有:perfect,excellent,wonderful,different,favourite,right,wrong 等。


  You are quite right. My favourite subject is English.


  1.5.5. 能修飾比較級、更高級的形容詞


  1. 修飾比較級的詞:much,even,still,far,by far,a little,a bit,a lot,a great deal,no,any,rather


  2. 修飾更高級的詞:much,very,by far


  Our classroom is much/even/still/far bigger than theirs.


  Our classroom is by far the bigger than theirs.


  比較:Our classroom is bigger by far than theirs.


  Do you feel any better today?


  It takes many more hours to go to Beijing by train than by plane.


  比較:It takes much more time to go to Beijing by train than by plane.


  I’m full. I want to eat no more.


  This theory is much/by far the best one.


  This theory is the very best one.


  This book is much/by far the best.


  That boy over there is the very tallest.


  1.5.6. 以 a- 開頭的形容詞用法及其修飾詞


  此類形容詞常作表語、補(bǔ)語或后置定語(千萬不可用作前置定語),它們一般不能用 very 去修飾(但 afraid 可以),而用 (very) much 或其它習(xí)慣性搭配的副詞去修飾。


  常見的以 a- 開頭的形容詞有 afraid,ahead,alike,alive,alone,ashamed,asleep,awake 等。


  例如:


  — Who is the greatest scientist alive in the world?


  — I’m afraid no one can tell you about it .


  — What’s going over there?


  — It is said that there was an accident at a distance of 150 metres ahead.


  — What about the twins alike after the accident?


  — I’m sorry to say one is dead and the other is alive but badly injured.


  Would you please turn down the radio? The baby is fast/sound asleep.


  Don’t pretend to be sleeping. I know you’re wide/completely awake.


  It was terrible. I was all/quite/much alone in the dark room.

 

 

 

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  高中期末診斷-高三英語期末之虛擬語態(tài)

  高中期末診斷-高三英語期末之重點(diǎn)句型

  高中期末診斷-高三英語期末之定語從句

 

 

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