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2019北京高三二?荚囉⒄Z主謂一致

2019-04-11 22:04:52  來源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)整理

  2019北京高三二模診斷英語主謂一致!英語是注重積累的學(xué)科,大家要好好積累哦,認真學(xué)習(xí)!診斷前還是要好好復(fù)習(xí)的,愛智康助力診斷,給大家整理了主謂一致的知識點,一起看看吧!下面看看小編為大家準備較新的2019北京高三二模診斷英語主謂一致內(nèi)容,希望對大家的進步有所幫助。

 

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  2019北京高三二模診斷英語主謂一致(一)


  (1)就近原則


 、儆刹⒘薪Y(jié)構(gòu)或連詞(either…or, neither…nor,not…but, not only…but also, or等)連接的并列主語,謂語動詞與靠近的那個名詞或代詞保持一致。


  Neither his parents nor Tom is at home.


  湯姆和他的父母都不在家。


  注:“either…or,neither…nor,or”連接的兩個主語若是一單一復(fù),較好將復(fù)數(shù)主詞放在后面而接復(fù)數(shù)動詞。


  ②在倒裝句和there be句型中,謂語動詞與后面的先進個主語保持一致。


  There is a book and some pens on the desk.


  桌子上有一本書和幾支鋼筆。


  There comes the bus.汽車來了。


 、墼诙ㄕZ從句中,關(guān)系代詞作主語,其謂語動詞應(yīng)與它所指代的先行詞保持一致。


  I know the man who is talking to my father.


  我認識那個正在和我父親談話的人。


 、茉趶娬{(diào)句中,連接代詞又在句中作主語,這時它應(yīng)與被強調(diào)的主語保持一致。


  It is Mary‘s brother who was injured in the car accident.


  是瑪麗的哥哥在車禍中受傷了。


  (2)意義一致原則


 、佼斨髡Z與謂語動詞之間插入along with,with,as well as,together with, no less than,besides,except, but, including等短語時,謂語動詞不受這些插入語的干擾,依然和主語保持一致。


  I,along with my sister,am going to Shanghai next month.


  我,還有我姐姐,打算下個月去上海。


  ②英語中有一類單、復(fù)數(shù)同型的詞(people,means,sheep,deer,fish等),其單、復(fù)數(shù)取決于它在句中的含義。


  All of the people in the country have been prepared for the great reformation.


  這個國家的人都已經(jīng)為大變革作好了準備。


 、鄱鄶(shù)情況下,由“what”引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句作主語時,其后的謂語動詞通常用單數(shù)形式。


  What I want to say is just “Take care!”我只想說:“多保重!”


 、墚斨髡Z與all, none, any,some等不定代詞、形容詞連用時,應(yīng)根據(jù)具體句意,來決定其后的謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。


  All I know about this company is what he told me yesterday.


  我對這家公司的了解都是昨天他告訴我的。⑤“…+ (of)+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)描述數(shù)量時,如果“of”后的名詞為單數(shù)(不可數(shù)名詞),則謂語動詞用單數(shù),如果名詞為復(fù)數(shù),則謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。


  Most of the water here is clean.大部分的水是干凈的。


  80% cotton has been sent to America.80%的棉花已經(jīng)被送往美國。


  Half of the apples are red.有一半兒的蘋果是紅的。


 、拊~組“a number of, a great/good many, a group of+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”的結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時,謂語動詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù);如果冠詞a變?yōu)閠he,則謂語動詞用單數(shù)。


  A number of ancient buildings are destroyed in the war.


  許多的古代建筑在戰(zhàn)爭中被毀。


  The number of the visitors has decreased this year.


  游客的數(shù)量今年減少了。


 、哂⒄Z的集體名詞(committee,crowd,family,public,group,party,team,class,club,company,


  union等詞),指代“整體”時為單數(shù);指代“其中的各成員”則為復(fù)數(shù)。


  My family was very poor when I was a little girl.


  當我還是一個小女孩兒的時候,我家很窮。


  My family are all looking forward to your coming.


  我的家人都在期待著你的到來。


  (3)整體原則


 、購木、不定式、動名詞等作主語時謂語動詞一律視作一個整體,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。


  When to leave has not been decided.


  什么時候離開還沒有定下來。


  Go shopping on Sunday is one of his habits.


  周日購物是他的一個習(xí)慣。


  注:如果主語是兩個(或兩個以上)的名詞性從句,謂語動詞常用復(fù)數(shù)。


  What he said and what he did were always different.


  他所說的和他所做的總是不一樣。


 、谌绻麅蓚以上的名詞組成一個整體概念作主語時,謂語動詞須用單數(shù)。


  The novelist and poet is going to Europe next year.


  這位小說家兼詩人打算明年去歐洲。


  The novelist and the poet are going to Europe next year.


  小說家和詩人都打算明年去歐洲。


  分析:(a)句中小說家和詩人the novelist and poet為同一個人,故謂語動詞用單數(shù);而(b)句中有兩個人,一個是小說家the novelist,另一個是詩人the poet。③專用名詞,如:書名、劇名、報刊名、國家(組織)名等,通常作單數(shù)用。


  The United States was found in 1776.美國成立于1776年。


  ④表示時間、距離、金額、度量等詞語作主語時,通常被視作整體,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。


  Ten minutes is enough.十分鐘足夠了。


 、菁訙p乘除等數(shù)學(xué)運算謂語動詞通常用單數(shù)。


  Two times three makes six.二乘三等于六。


  2019北京高三二模診斷英語主謂一致(二)


  (4)個體原則


  ①and連接的兩個或多個主語前如果有each,every,no等修飾語時(后面的一個有時也可省略),后面的謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。


  Every man and every woman is busy at working.每個人都在忙著工作。


  ②英語句中的each, either, neither等詞,既可作代詞充當主語,又可作形容詞修飾主語,這時的謂語動詞一律用單數(shù)。


  Neither of us has been abroad.我們誰都沒出過國。


 、塾蓅ome,any every,no構(gòu)成的復(fù)合詞(somebody,nobody,everything,anything等)作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。


  Somebody is waiting for you at the school gate.有人在學(xué)校門口等你。


 、躮any a/more than one+單數(shù)名詞,一般接單數(shù)謂語動詞。


  Many a man does not understand Einstein’s relativity.


  許多人不明白愛因斯坦的相對論。


  ⑤“one and a half+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語,謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)。


  One and a half hours has passed.一個半小時過去了。


 、蕹呻p成對出現(xiàn)的復(fù)數(shù)名詞(glasses, scissors, shoes, trousers,pants,gloves,stockings等)作主語時,通常謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù),但如果前面有a/the pair of;a/the suit of等詞語時,則謂語動詞要用單數(shù)。


  A pair of scissors is useful tool for a dressmaker.剪刀是裁縫的重要工具。


 、咭“-s”結(jié)尾的“復(fù)數(shù)”名詞(如:一些學(xué)科名詞mathematics, physics, politics等),或以“-s”結(jié)尾的地點名詞、人名等詞后面的謂語動詞通常用單數(shù)。


  Mathematics is my favorite subject.數(shù)學(xué)是我較喜歡的科目。


  2019北京高三二模診斷英語主謂一致(三)


  1.The police are searching for the thief.警察正在搜捕那個賊。


  2.More than one student has read the book. 很多孩子讀過這本書。


  主語有more than one...或many a...構(gòu)成,盡管從意義上看是復(fù)數(shù)內(nèi)容,但它的謂語動詞仍用單數(shù)形式。


  3. The teacher as well as the students was reading in the library.老師和孩子都在圖書館里看書。


  當主語后面跟有as well as,as much as,no less than,along with,with,like,rather than,together with,but,except,besides,including,in addition to等引導(dǎo)的詞組時,其謂語動詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)據(jù)這些詞前面的主語而定。(就遠一致原則)


  4.About three fourths of the earth’s surface is covered with water.地球的四分之三被水覆蓋。


  “分數(shù)或百分數(shù)+名詞”構(gòu)成的短語以及由“a lot of,lots of,plenty of,a large quantity of,a heap of,heaps of,half of+名詞”構(gòu)成的短語作主語時,其謂語動詞要與短語中of后面的名詞的數(shù)保持一致,這是因為短語中后面的名詞是中心詞,而短語中前面的量詞是修飾語。


  5. Three fifths of the workers here are women.這個地方五分之三的工人是婦女。


  6. Quantities of food (nuts) were on the table.大量的食物在桌子上。(large)quantities of修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞,其短語作主語時,謂語動詞一般用復(fù)數(shù),


  7. Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge.大量的錢花在了這座橋上。


  a great deal of ,a large amount of修飾不可數(shù)名詞,其短語作主語時,謂語動詞通常用單數(shù);large amounts of修飾不可數(shù)名詞,其短語作主語時,謂語動詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)。


  8. The blind study in special schools.盲人在特殊的學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)。


  如果主語由“the+形容詞(或過去分詞)”結(jié)構(gòu)擔任時,謂語通常用復(fù)數(shù),這類詞有the brave,the poor,the rich,the blind,the young,the old,the sick,the dead,the deaf and dumb,the oppressed,the injured,the wounded,the unemployed等。


  9. Twenty kilometers is a quite long distance.


  二十公里是一段相當長的距離。


  表示距離、長度、價值、金額、重量等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時,如作為一個整體來看待的話,謂語動詞通常用單數(shù)。


  10.Fifty dollars was a large sum for me at that time.


  那時五十美金對我來說是一大筆錢。


  11. Not only your father’s friends but also your father likes smoking.


  由either ...or ...,neither ...nor ...,not only ...but (also) ...,not ...but ...或or連接兩個并列主語時,謂語動詞與較近的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。


  12. 表示學(xué)科的以-ics結(jié)尾的名詞作主語,用單數(shù)。


  Physics is an important subject in middle schools.


  Mathematics is the study of numbers.


  Politics, economics, athletics等。


  13. a quantity of后既可接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),也可接不可數(shù)名詞。如果a quantity of 后接不可數(shù)名詞作主語,則謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式;如果接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語,則謂語動詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。quantities of后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞作主語時,謂語動詞均用復(fù)數(shù)形式。


  A quantity of money has been wasted on the project.


  =Quantities of money have been wasted on the project.


  大量的金錢被浪費在了這個項目上。


  14. How close parents are to their children ______ (have) a strong influence on the development of the children’s characters.


  【解析】從句How close parents are to their children作主語時,謂語動詞常用單數(shù)形式。故填has, have an influence on為固定短語,意為“對……有影響”。


  句意為:父母與孩子之間的親密程度對孩子性格的形成有很大的影響。


  答案 has


  15. What he likes _____ (be)a digital watch. What Mary likes _____(be) textbooks.


  what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句作主語時,謂語動詞常用單數(shù)形式。但當作表語的名詞為復(fù)數(shù),或what從句是一個具有復(fù)數(shù)意義的并列結(jié)構(gòu)時,謂語動詞常用復(fù)數(shù)形式如:What I say and think are no business of yours.


  答案is are


  16.A teacher of English and class teacher ________ (tell) us something about volunteer workers now.


  答案與解析 is telling 句子主語為“英語老師兼班主任”為一個人,故后面的謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式,從now可知,用現(xiàn)在進行時。


  17.When and where this took place ________ (be) still unknown.


  答案與解析 is 主語為主語從句,雖由and連接但卻指的是同一件事,故謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式,且表示被動,故填is。


  18. Every means ________ (try), but none proved successful.


  答案與解析 has been tried means的單復(fù)數(shù)同形,從every可知這里是單數(shù),因此謂語動詞也用單數(shù),而且根據(jù)句意可知,是“每個辦法都被嘗試過了”,故用被動語態(tài)。


  19.Weibo as well as WeChat ________ (serve) as a media platform for people to share their thoughts instantly without limits of place or time.


  答案與解析 serves 句意:微博和微信可以作為一個供人們隨時隨地分享他們想法的媒體平臺。serve as表示“可用作,可當……使”。由as well as可知,該句的謂語應(yīng)由Weibo而定,故應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式serves。


  20.—Hey! Here is a message on my cellphone,telling me that I have won the first prize of a weekend for two in Paris.


  —Delete it! It's a trick. Many a person ________ (cheat) by such tricks.


  答案與解析 has been cheated 句意:——嘿,我手機上有一條短信,告訴我我已獲得巴黎周末雙人游的大獎。——刪掉吧。那是個騙局。許多人被這樣的短信騙過。“many a+單數(shù)名詞”做主語,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式,根據(jù)句意可知,許多人已經(jīng)被騙過,故用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)。


  21.One survey shows that large quantities of water ________ (be) wasted every year in China,and that one third is available to be saved.


  答案與解析 are large quantities of+不可數(shù)名詞/復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞做主語時,謂語動詞常用復(fù)數(shù)形式,即由quantities決定,且由every year可知用are。


  22.Hank as well as the other children who have no parents ________ (take) good care of in the center.


  答案與解析 is being taken as well as連接主語時,謂語動詞和前面的主語一致,而且take good care of和Hank構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系,故用被動語態(tài)。


  23.What the teacher of the science class does and says ________ (be) of great importance to the students at college.


  答案與解析 is 句意:理科老師在課堂上說的話和做的事對學(xué)院里的孩子很重要。本句的主語是主語從句,且主語從句中用了并列謂語,表示的是同一問題的兩個方面,謂語動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式,且陳述的是客觀情況,應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時。


  24.Children are not recommended to see such films as ________ (be) bad for their mental development.


  答案與解析 are 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處是as引導(dǎo)的定語從句并在從句中做主語,先行詞為films,因此使用復(fù)數(shù)動詞are。


  25.Wasn't it the icy road rather than the drivers that ________ (be) to blame for the series of traffic accidents?


  答案與解析 was 此處謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)與被強調(diào)的主語一致,而rather than連接主語時,謂語動詞應(yīng)與前面的名詞the icy road一致,所以使用was。

 

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