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人教版高中高一英語必修4(四)各單元重點(diǎn)知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納
重要詞匯拓展
1 welfare n 福利事業(yè),福利
2 achievement n.成就,功績(jī)→achieve v.達(dá)到,完成,實(shí)現(xiàn)
3. specialist n.相關(guān)人士,專業(yè)工作者→special adj.特殊的,專門的→specialize vi.專攻,專門從事
4. project n.方案, 計(jì)劃,, 設(shè)計(jì),工程, 企業(yè), 事業(yè),科研項(xiàng)目; 課外自修項(xiàng)目
vi. ①伸出, 突出②設(shè)想自已處身于(into)
5. connection n.連接,關(guān)系→connect v.連接
6. condition n. 狀況(不可數(shù)),條件(可數(shù)),環(huán)境(復(fù)數(shù))on no condition 決不
http://doc.wendoc.comanization n.組織,機(jī)構(gòu),團(tuán)體organize—vt.組織;籌備, 成立; 使加入工會(huì),使有條理
8.behave v.舉止,表現(xiàn)→behavior n.行為,舉止
9. shade n.陰涼處v.遮住光線
10.▲ worthwhile adj.值得的,值得做的It is worthwhile doing sth./ to do sth.
worth adj.值……,值得……be worth doing
worthy adj.值得做的,可尊敬的be worthy of sth/ being done be worthy to be done
11. observe v.觀察,觀測(cè),遵守→observation n.觀察,觀測(cè)
12. respect v./n.尊敬,尊重,敬意→respectable adj.值得尊敬的,正派的,體面地→respectful adj.有禮貌的,恭敬的
13. argue .v.爭(zhēng)論,辯論→argument n.爭(zhēng)論,辯論argued-adj 引起爭(zhēng)論的
14.entertainment-n 款待,娛樂entertain-v 款待;招待,娛樂,抱有,懷著(想法、疑問)
15. crowd n.人群,觀眾v.擠滿,使擁擠→crowded adj.擁擠的
16. inspire v.鼓舞,激發(fā)→inspired adj.受到鼓舞的,有靈感的→inspiring adj.鼓舞人的→inspiration n.鼓舞,靈感
17 support v.支持,擁護(hù)→supporter n.支持者,擁護(hù)者
18.refer-vi 談到,查閱,參考
19.intend v.計(jì)劃,打算→intention n.打算,目的,意圖
20.considerate adj.考慮周到的→consider v.考慮,認(rèn)為
→consideration n考慮,體諒→considering prep考慮到
21.kind adj 仁慈的,和善的,友愛的kindness –n 仁慈,好意,善良
22.deliver v.遞送,生(小孩),接生,發(fā)表(演講等)→delivery n.投遞,交貨,分娩
23.modest adj 謙虛的,謙讓的,適度的
重點(diǎn)短語梳理
1 devote…to (doing) sth.把…奉獻(xiàn)給devote oneself to致力于,獻(xiàn)身于be devoted to專心致志于
2 human beings 人類
3 move off 離開,啟程,出發(fā)
4 lead a…life 過著……的生活
5 crowd in 涌上心頭,涌入腦海
6 look down on/ upon 蔑視,瞧不起
7 refer to 查閱,參考,談到(其中,to為介詞)
8 by chance 碰巧,湊巧
9. come across 偶遇,碰見
10. carry on 繼續(xù),堅(jiān)持carry out 實(shí)行,執(zhí)行,完成
11. be dressed in 穿著… dress as 打扮成…
12.fight for 為….而戰(zhàn)fight against 與…戰(zhàn)斗
13.put to death判死刑
14. con cern oneself with…關(guān)注… 注意…
15.intend to do sth./ doing sth. 打算做某事
16. in the shade of 在…的樹蔭下,在…的庇護(hù)下
17.gain doctor‘s degree 獲得博士學(xué)位
18. be considered as 被看做….
19.take turns to do sth 采取步驟做某事
20.do research on… 做…方面的研究
21.mean to do 打算做某事mean doing 意味著
22. by now 直到現(xiàn)在
重點(diǎn)句型再現(xiàn)
1 She spent years observing and recording their daily activities. 她花去多年的時(shí)間觀察和記錄它們的日;顒(dòng)。
(spend+時(shí)間/金錢+doing sth 花時(shí)間或金錢去做某事)
2 Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project. 她的母親頭幾個(gè)月來幫過她的忙;這才使她得以開始自己的計(jì)劃。
(only位于句首并修飾狀語,句子要發(fā)生部分倒裝,將助動(dòng)詞或聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞置于主語之前)
3 Following Jane‘s way of studing chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest.
我們一行人將按照J(rèn)ane研究猩猩的方法去森林里拜訪他們。
(-ing作方式狀語。注意非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語時(shí)的區(qū)別:-ing主動(dòng)/進(jìn)行/延續(xù),-ed被動(dòng)/過去,to do主動(dòng)/將來)
4.It seemed that she had been very busy in her chosen carrer travelling abroad to study as well as writing books and articles 看起來她忙于所選擇的和寫作一樣的到國(guó)外研究。
(It seemed that+從句:似乎是,看起來好像是。as well as 還有)
5.What made her succeed later on was the kindness and consideration she showed to all her patients
后來使她成功的是她對(duì)所有病人獻(xiàn)出的愛心和體貼。
(What made her succeed主語從句。了解what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句的譯法,明白它們?cè)诰渲械某煞郑鹤髦髡Z、賓語、表語、同位語)
語法剖析(主謂一致)
主謂一致,指人稱和數(shù)方面的一致關(guān)系。分為:語法一致, 內(nèi)容一致, 就近一致。
(一) 語法一致原則: 即主語為單數(shù),謂語用單數(shù),主語為復(fù)數(shù),謂語也用復(fù)數(shù)。以下為注意事項(xiàng):
1. 單數(shù)主語即使后面帶有with , along with, together with, like(象), but (除了),except, besides, as well as, no less than, rather than(而不是), including, in addition to 引導(dǎo)的短語, 謂語動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)。如: Air as well as water is matter.空氣和水都是物質(zhì)。No one except two servants was late for the dinner. 除了兩個(gè)仆人外, 沒有一個(gè)人遲來用餐。
2. 用and連接的并列主語,如果主語是同一個(gè)人,同一事,同一概念, 謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù), 否則用復(fù)數(shù)。如:
The poet and writer has come.那位詩(shī)人兼作家來了.(一個(gè)人)
A hammer and a saw are useful tools.錘子和鋸都是有用的工具. (兩樣物)
用and連接的成對(duì)名詞習(xí)慣上被看成是一個(gè)整體, 如:bread and butter(黃油抹面包), knife and fork(刀叉)等作主語時(shí), 謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
3. 不定式(短語), 動(dòng)名詞(短語), 或從句作主語時(shí), 謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù). 如:
Serving the people is my great happiness.
為人民服務(wù)是我較大的幸福.
When we‘ll go out for an outing has been decided.
我們什么時(shí)候出去郊游已決定了。
4. 用連接的并列主語被each, every 或no修飾時(shí), 謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù).
Every boy and every girl likes to go swimming. 每個(gè)男孩和每個(gè)女孩都喜歡去游泳. No teacher and no student was absent from the meeting. 沒有老師也沒有孩子開會(huì)缺席.
Each man and (each) woman is asked to help. 每個(gè)男人和每個(gè)女人都被請(qǐng)去幫忙。
5. each of + 復(fù)數(shù)代詞, 謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù). 復(fù)數(shù)代詞+each, 謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù).如: Each of us has something to say. 我們每個(gè)人都有話要說。
6. 若主語中有more than one 或many a/an , 盡管從意義上看是復(fù)數(shù), 但它的謂語動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)。但more+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+than one做主語時(shí), 謂語動(dòng)詞仍用復(fù)數(shù). 如:
Many a boy likes playing basketball.許多男生都喜歡打籃球.
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