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例三:Although he was disabled when he was only ten years of age, yet he aimed _____, for which his classmates spoke _______ of him.
A. high; high B. highly; highly
C. highly; high D. high; highly
答案D。high做副詞,在這里的語(yǔ)境里是表示“at or to a high rank or level of achievement, especially within a company”,也就是“高的地位和成就等”。又如:My parents always encouraged me to aim high。highly做副詞,“if you think highly of someone or something, you think they are very good and you admire them”,也就是“高度地”評(píng)價(jià),又如:I've always thought very highly of Michael.
二、要記準(zhǔn)形容詞詞組和動(dòng)詞詞組的搭配結(jié)構(gòu)
高中階段同學(xué)們要掌握一定量的詞組,主要是搭配結(jié)構(gòu)。記憶好這些詞組的語(yǔ)義是助力、準(zhǔn)確回答有關(guān)形容詞和副詞題目的關(guān)鍵。
例一:This magazine is very with young people, who like its content and style.
A. familiar B. popular
C. similar D. particular
答案B。be popular with sb,是指“受到喜愛和歡迎”等。
例二:He began to take political science
only when he left school.
A. strictly B. truly
C. carefully D. seriously
答案D。take sth seriously是重視(認(rèn)真對(duì)待)某事。
例三:It’s hard for him playing against me. I’ve got nothing to play for, but for him, he needs to win so ________.
A. far B.well C. little D. badly
答案D。need sth badly是非常需要,同樣還可以搭配動(dòng)詞want等。
在這里還要提醒同學(xué)注意兩個(gè)問(wèn)題:
一是多個(gè)詞修飾一個(gè)名詞是排序問(wèn)題:
例如:This __________ girl is Lind’s cousin.
A. pretty little Spanish
B. Spanish little pretty
C. Spanish pretty little
D. little pretty Spanish
答案A。多個(gè)詞修飾一個(gè)名詞時(shí),要求先放先進(jìn)位限定詞,即冠詞、代詞等;然后是數(shù)量形容詞,如five;再后放主觀性描述詞,如handsome,nice等;接著放客觀性描述詞,其順序是:大小、長(zhǎng)短、高低、新舊、顏色、國(guó)籍、材料、用途等。診斷命題一般要排列的詞也就三、四個(gè),不必過(guò)慮。記住總原則是與被修飾的名詞關(guān)系較密切的靠近名詞就行了。
二是倍數(shù)關(guān)系也涉及排序,要注意比較的句型結(jié)構(gòu)。
例如:What a table ! I’ve never seen such a thing before .It is it is long.
A.half not as wide as
B.wide not as half as
C.not half as wide as
D.as wide as not half
答案C。是…times as +形容詞/副詞原級(jí) +as…的句型。
三、要學(xué)會(huì)辨析近義詞
意義相近的形容詞和副詞在辨析起來(lái)是比較困難的,原因是我們喜歡用中文翻譯,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),翻出來(lái)是同一個(gè)詞。其實(shí),我們可以換一個(gè)思路,比如,利用他們對(duì)應(yīng)的反義詞來(lái)分辨這些近義詞的不同。
例如 I tried hard to get some information about the new technology out of his mouth, but he remained .
A. quiet B. secret
C. silent D. calm
答案C。remained silent是“緘口不言”,其反義為wordy;而quiet對(duì)應(yīng)noisy,secret對(duì)應(yīng)public,calm對(duì)應(yīng)wild,很容易就可以判斷出如何選擇。
修飾語(yǔ)的同義辨析固然重要,但大部分的功課都是不同形容詞、副詞詞義在基本認(rèn)知意義上的辨析,要更加關(guān)注。
四、要根據(jù)題干,把握語(yǔ)義,選準(zhǔn)修飾詞,這是訓(xùn)練的重點(diǎn)
選擇哪個(gè)修飾詞,關(guān)鍵要看題干給出的語(yǔ)境。對(duì)備選項(xiàng)的詞要做到全部認(rèn)知。這樣,在選擇時(shí)才能把握準(zhǔn)確的語(yǔ)義。
例一:It is not socially________ for parents to leave children unattended at that age.
A.accessible B.adorable
C.adaptable D.acceptable
答案D。acceptable,可接受的。accessible,可以使用(或得到)的、能進(jìn)入的;adorable,令人熱愛、敬仰的;adaptable,可適應(yīng)的。
例二:She devoted herself to her research and it earned her a good reputation in her field.
A. strongly B. extremely
C. entirely D. freely
答案C。entirely,全部地。strongly,有力的;extremely,極端地;freely,自由地。
例三:Water can absorb and give off a lot of heat without big changes in temperature, thus creating a environment.
A. peaceful B. sensitive
C. common D. stable
答案D。stable,穩(wěn)定的。peaceful,平和的;sensitive,敏感地;common,共同的、普遍的。
例四:My mother always gets a bit ____ if we don’t arrive when we say we will.
A.anxious B.ashamed
C.weak D.patient
答案A。anxious,焦急的。ashamed,羞恥的、內(nèi)疚的;weak,虛弱的;patient,耐心的。
例五:The trips usually start on Friday night and end on Sunday night, making them ______ for students and workers.
A.common B.valuable
C.practical D.useful
答案C。practical,(計(jì)劃、方法、建議)可行的。common,共同的、普遍的;valuable,有價(jià)值大;useful,有用的。
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