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2008年高考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí):詞匯復(fù)習(xí)不可忽視說(shuō)介詞

2008-03-07 10:25:23  來(lái)源:城市快報(bào) 文章作者:段勝利

  一、介詞考查比例不大

  介詞在高診斷題中的數(shù)量,一般是有2至3個(gè),所占的比例不大,多出現(xiàn)在單選、完形和改錯(cuò)中。例如:

  2007年高考天津卷第4題

  ________ fire, all exits must be kept clear.

  A. In place of

  B. Instead of

  C. In case of

  D. In spite of

  答案C?疾榻樵~短語(yǔ)。

  2004年高考天津卷第39題

  “ Ready … set … ” The gun popped and we were off . The other girls rushed 39 me. I felt ashamed as I fell farther and farther behind.

  39. A. from behind

  B. ahead of

  C. next to

  D. close to

  答案B?疾榻樵~短語(yǔ)。根據(jù)as I fell farther and farther behind的語(yǔ)義選擇ahead of,“在……前面”。

  2006年高考天津卷第60題

  to me to join in activities. As a result, I gradually got to know 59.

  the other campers. Because the help you gave me that summer, 60.

  my life changed. I gained so much confidence that I go back 61.

  第60題答案,Because后面加上of,考查正確使用介詞的能力。

  二、介詞短語(yǔ)的認(rèn)知和介詞的基本用法是考查重點(diǎn)

  高考天津卷近幾年涉及到介詞的考查集中在介詞短語(yǔ)的認(rèn)知和介詞的基本用法,題目通常不是很難。但由于許多題目涉及到搭配、介詞的多種用法和不同介詞連接同一名詞的不同含義,因此在復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)有時(shí)也會(huì)感覺(jué)不好掌握。從詞匯角度掌握介詞要注意:

  (一)記準(zhǔn)介詞相關(guān)的搭配和介詞短語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)義

  動(dòng)詞與介詞、形容詞與介詞以及介詞與名詞等所形成的搭配結(jié)構(gòu),是介詞考查的重點(diǎn),也是我們學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)的一個(gè)難點(diǎn)。對(duì)于搭配問(wèn)題,首先是理解不同介詞的含義,在此基礎(chǔ)上要助力機(jī)械記憶,記準(zhǔn)搭配結(jié)構(gòu)。

  例一 Scientists are convinced the positive effect of laughter physical and mental health.

  A. of; at B. by; in

  C. of; on D. on; at

  答案C?疾閯(dòng)詞convince的介詞搭配“convince sb of sth”,名詞effect和介詞的搭配,effect on sth。要特別注意還有一些動(dòng)詞,如rob,remind等都有相似的結(jié)構(gòu),即rob/remind sb of sth。“他搶劫了我的錢”,要表達(dá)為“He robbed me of my money.”而不能只顧中文思維,錯(cuò)誤地說(shuō)成“ He robbed my money.”

  例二 The better use you can make time, the greater contributions you will make_______ society.

  A.in, to B.on, for

  C.of, to D. in, on

  答案C?疾閮蓚(gè)動(dòng)詞詞組make use of sth和 make contribution to sth。

  例三 After the earthquake, the injured were cared _____in the local hospitals or taken by air to the hospitals of neighboring cities.

  A. of B. for

  C. after D. with

  答案B?疾閯(dòng)詞詞組care for sb。

  例四 Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree ______ they can be controlled on purpose.

  A. with which

  B. to which

  C. of which

  D. for which

  答案B。本題表面上看是考查定語(yǔ)從句,而實(shí)質(zhì)上卻是考查使用介詞的能力,即(in)to (some)the degree,到某種程度上。

  例五 In order to change attitudes____employing women,the government is bringing in new laws.

  A.about B.of

  C.towards D.on

  答案C?疾槊~和介詞的搭配,attitudes towards,…的態(tài)度

  例六 People have always been curious _____how living things in the earth exactly began.

  A. in B. at

  C. of D. about

  答案D?疾樾稳菰~和名詞的搭配,be curious about sth。

  例七 _____achievement, last week’s ministerial meeting of the WTO here earned a low, though not failing, grade.

  A. In terms of

  B. In case of

  C. As a result

  D. In face of

  答案A。考查介詞短語(yǔ)的不同含義。in terms of,從…方面來(lái)說(shuō);in case of,萬(wàn)一;as a result,結(jié)果;in face of,面對(duì),面臨。

  例八 My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was ____it.

  A. in favor of

  B. in memory of

  C. in honor of

  D. in search of

  答案A?疾榻樵~短語(yǔ)的不同含義。in favor of,贊成,喜歡;in memory of,紀(jì)念,懷念;in honor of,以紀(jì)念,向......表示敬意;in search of,尋找。選項(xiàng)中的四個(gè)介詞短語(yǔ),結(jié)構(gòu)相同,記憶時(shí)可以根據(jù)其中的名詞favor,memory,honor,search的不同含義來(lái)加以理解和記憶。

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