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小學英語基本語法與練習三 形容詞、副詞

2010-01-29 13:15:38  來源:英語網 文章作者:匿名

  知識要點


  1)英語中大多數形容詞、副詞是可以分等級的,一般有三個等級:原級,比較級和更高級。形容詞、副詞的本來形式就是形容詞的原級。如:John is a tall boy.兩者間進行比較用到形容詞比較級。如:Jim is taller than John.三者或者三者以上進行比較用形容詞的更高級。Mike is the tallest of the three boys.(形容詞更高級前面要加定冠詞the)


  2).形容詞、副詞比較級和更高級有規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化


  規(guī)則變化


 、賳我艄(jié)或雙音節(jié)的形容詞(或副詞)比較級+er更高級+est small-smaller-smallest等


 、谝詄結尾的詞,比較級+r,更高級+st即可nice-nicer-nicest


 、垡暂o音字母+y結尾的,變y為i+er或est easy-easier-easiest


 、茈p寫較后一個輔音字母+er或est hot-hotter-hottest


 、 一些雙音節(jié)及多音節(jié)形容詞或副詞前要加more和most,如:


  difficult---more difficult---most difficult


  不規(guī)則變化:


  good/well-better-best,bad-worse-worst many/much-more-most little-less-least


  far-further -furthest(表示程度) far-farther-farthest(表示遠近) old-older-oldest(表新舊) old-elder-eldest(表兄弟姊妹之間的長幼)


  3).比較級前的修飾詞:a little, a lot, much, even; far; still


  4)形容詞、副詞比較級的特殊用法


 、傩稳菰~/副詞比較級+than+ any other+單數名詞(+介詞短語)"表示"比同一范圍的任何一個人/物都……",含義是"較……"。


  例如,Mike gets to school earlier than any other student in his class.


  = Mike gets to school earlier than any of the other students in his class. = Mike gets to school earlier than the other students in his class. = Mike gets to school earliest in his class.注意:Mike gets to school earlier than any student in Tom's class.


  ②"the+形容詞比較級+of the two+……"表示"...是兩者中較…的"。


  如,Look at the two boys. My brother is the taller of the two.


 、"比較級+and+比較級"表示"越來越……"。He is getting taller and taller.


 、"the+比較級,the+比較級"表示"越…,越…,"。The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes you'll make


  5).更高級常用句型結構


 、"主語+be+ the+形容詞更高級+單數名詞+in/of短語"表示"……是……中較……的"。


  如,Tom is the tallest in his class./of all the students.


 、"主語+be+ one of the+形容詞更高級+復數名詞+in/of短語"表示"…是……中較……之一"。


  如,Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.


  ③序數詞+更高級


  Hainan Island is the second largest island in China.


  訓練:


  I.寫出所給詞的反義詞。


  1.young________ 6.better___________


  2. white________ 7. longer__________


  3. big__________ 8. thinner_________


  4. left_________ 9. far_____________


  5.fast_________ 10. light__________


  II. 用所給詞的正確形式填空。


  1. Maria is ________(thin). Lucy is __________(thin) than Mary.


  2. Mike is ____________________(heavy) boy in his class.


  3. Tom is as_________ ( tall) as Jim.


  4. I am much _________( well) than yesterday.


  5. This skirt is ___________________( expensive) of the three.


  6. The weather today is ___________(hot) than it was yesterday.


  7). Lucy writes __________________(careful) than her brother.


  8)Today is ___________(busy) day this week.


  9)That is ___ (easy ) of all.


  10). He is ____ (clever ) boy in the class.


  11). John is _____ ( short ) than Tom.


  12). This box is ____ ( heavy ) than that one.


  III、根據所給漢語完成句子


  1. _____ ____exercise you take, _____ _____ (你鍛煉越多就會越強壯) you will be.


  2. Who jumped _______ (較遠) of all in the long jump?


  3. Lucy says she will write to you back ____ ____ ____ ______(盡可能快地)。


  4. There are ____ ______ ______ (如此多的人) that we can't see each other.


  5.-_____ _____ _____ (何時何地) shall we meet?


  -Let's meet outside the school gate tomorrow afternoon.


  IV、單項選擇


  ( )1. -Tom is the ____ one I want to work with. He is always complaining.


  - Be more patient. He is still a good boy.


  A. best B. last C. first D. only


  ( )2. We want to go to Japan to have a ____ study.


  A. farther B. farthest C. further D. furthest


  ( )3. The meeting hall is ____ to hold 5000 people.


  A. large enough B. enough large C. so large D. too large


  ( )4. When spring comes, the trees get ____.


  A. green and green B. green and greener


  C. greener and green D. greener and greener


  ( )5. My _____ brother is three years ____ than I .


  A. old; older B. elder ; older C. older; elder D. old; elder


  ( )6. He's ____ to hear the bad news.


  A. sorry B. bad C. happy D. well


  ( )7. The snow is over one meter ____ when it's winter here.


  A. long B. high C. thick D. this


  ( )8. This book is _____ worth seeing again.


  A. very B. quite C. well D. much


  ( )9. My sister sat ____ to me to listen to the story.


  A. close B. closely C. nearby D. with


  ( )10. The sports car is running ____, It seems to be flying.


  A. fast and fast B. more and fast C. more and faster D. faster and faster


  ( )11. You run ____ for us to catch up with you.


  A . too fast B. so fast C. too slowly D. so slowly


  ( )12. Don't look _____ the window? We're having a class.


  A. out of B out from C. down of D. out.


  ( )13. This year our school is ____ than it was last year.


  A. much more beautiful B. much beautiful


  C. the most beautiful D. beautiful


  ( )14. _____ the ground is, ____ air becomes.


  A. The high; the thin B. The highest; the thinnest


  C. The higher; the thiner D. The higher; the thinner


  ( )15. John is ____ of the two boys.


  A. tall B. tallest C. the tallest. D. the taller.


  ( )16. -Why does Peter like moon cakes with nuts instead of the ones with eggs?


  -Because he thinks the moon cakes with nuts are ____.


  A. cheap B. dear C. worse D. nicer


  ( )17. She is ____ than I


  A. a head taller B. a taller head C. taller a head D. head taller


  ( )18. Paris is one of _____ cities in the world.


  A. more beautifully B. more beautiful C. the most beautifully D. the most beautiful


  ( )19. Shanghai is the first _____ city in China.


  A. big B. biggest C. the big D. the biggest


  ( )20. -Mr Zhou, of all the students in our group, who lives ___?


  -I think Li Lei does.


  A. far B. farther C. farthest D. the farther


  ( )21. Bob never does his homework _____ Mary, he makes lots of mistakes.


  A. so careful as B. as carefully as C. carefully as D. as careful as.


  ( )22. My sister is good at sports, She can jump ____ than me.


  A. highest B. very high C. too high D. much higher


  ( )23.The Yellow River is one of ___ in China.


  A. the longest rivers B. the longer river C. the longest river D. the long river


  ( )24.I don't feel ___ to go to work today. I'm ill.


  A. good enough B. well enough C. enough well D. enough good


  ( )25.Be quiet, class! I have ___ to tell you.


  A. important anything B. important something C. anything important


  D. something important


  V、同義句轉換


  1. Math is the most difficult of all the subjects.


  Math is ____ difficult than _____ other subject.


  Math is _____ difficult than _____ other subjects.


  2. Joe isn't as tall as Lucy..


  Joe is _____ than Lucy.


  3. Kate is 10 years old. Tom is 12 years old.


  Kate is ____ _____ _____ _____ Tom.


  Tom is ____ ______ _____ _____ Kate.


  4.The bag is too expensive for me to buy.


  The bag is _____ _____ ______for me to buy.
 

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