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一提到開放型作文很多同學(xué)都非常頭疼,不知道從何下手,筆者根據(jù)自己多年的教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)總結(jié)了這類作文的分析方法和答題技巧,希望對同學(xué)們有所幫助。
“開放作文”的命題方式是讓考生根據(jù)一幅圖畫,在描述圖畫信息之余,發(fā)揮自己的想象,展開簡單的議論。北京市的“開放作文”和全國碩士研究生入學(xué)診斷的英語作文有點(diǎn)像,F(xiàn)在,北京市“開放作文”傾向于“就圖論事”,和04年的“續(xù)寫型開放作文”有很大差異。
首先我要提醒同學(xué)們:不要花太多時(shí)間挖掘圖畫深意!英語作文不看重你的思想深度,而看重你的語言質(zhì)量。有的同學(xué)把大量的時(shí)間花費(fèi)在挖掘圖片深意上,力求立意新穎,別具匠心,這種做法不但容易引起偏題、跑題的現(xiàn)象發(fā)生,而且還會(huì)來不及在語言上細(xì)細(xì)潤色,那就會(huì)吃很大的虧。
開放作文試題的要求一般都會(huì)這樣描述:1)文章扣題:描述有的放矢,突出主題;2)思維活躍:發(fā)散思維空間,孩子從不同的、全新的角度看待分析一個(gè)事物或現(xiàn)象。3)內(nèi)容健康充實(shí):內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)樂觀向上,以積極的態(tài)度進(jìn)行表達(dá)。這個(gè)在平時(shí)的訓(xùn)練中就應(yīng)注意培養(yǎng)成一種穩(wěn)定的思維方式,以防止在遇到稍微有一點(diǎn)新意的題時(shí)亂了陣腳,不知道說什么。
下面我們仔細(xì)研究一下開放性作文的答題方法:
一、寫作步驟
仔細(xì)審圖片內(nèi)容,即圖片中的物象包括些什么,及其他們各自的特點(diǎn)。這是為整篇作文立意的前提。
發(fā)揮創(chuàng)新思維和發(fā)散思維能力,嘗試多角度立意(如從人生哲理,學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度,社會(huì)意義等方面立論)
確定論點(diǎn),并組織論證過程。在論證過程中,常用的論述方法是正反論述,對比論述,聯(lián)系實(shí)際舉例論述。句與句之間連接成分的恰當(dāng)使用,可使議論部分脈絡(luò)更加清晰,語言邏輯關(guān)系更加流暢。
所以,從結(jié)構(gòu)上講,開放作文有明顯的套路可循。其實(shí)“開放作文”只要求做兩件事,一件是描圖(describethepicture),另一件是闡述你對圖畫的看法(explainhowyouunderstandit),但是,我建議在“描述”和“闡述”之間加一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)?ldquo;過渡”?傊,開放作文應(yīng)分成三段:描圖----析圖---總結(jié)“組句成篇,
二.開放作文有很多可供參考的”通用句子“這里跟大家分享一下:
描圖部分:
描圖部分:
As the picture vividly conveys,
As can be seen from the picture/as you can see in the picture,
What an interesting/funny picture!
析圖部分:
In my opinion, figure refers to /stand for/represent…
As far as I'm concerned,
It's reasonable to relate…to…
There are people/things just like ones in the picture.
This picture reflects a common social phenomenon that…
This picture represents common people in our life.
This picture conveys the message that…
What the picture wants to tell us is that…
This picture tells us an important thing in our life…
The picture indicates that…
The picture tries to convey an attitude towards life.
It happens in life that…
Such a situation seems fairly common in our society
總結(jié)部分
In conclusion
To sum up
In a word
Only by….can we….
It's high time that….
較后咱們以2008年”開放作文“試題為例,一起來解析一下寫作思路:
2008年北京”開放作文“試題如下:
請根據(jù)下面提示,寫一篇短文,詞數(shù)不少于50。
InanEnglishspeechcompetition,
youareaskedtodescribethefollowingpictureandexplaintothejudgeshowyouunderstandit。
從這幅圖中,有的同學(xué)會(huì)有這樣一個(gè)立意:圓規(guī)驕傲,鉛筆努力,執(zhí)著,宣揚(yáng)一種奮斗精神。
還有孩子會(huì)說:圓規(guī)原地踏步而鉛筆勇往直前。鼓勵(lì)人們?yōu)閷?shí)現(xiàn)人生目標(biāo)而前進(jìn)。
另外還有一種說法:圓規(guī)可以畫出精彩的圓,鉛筆可以畫出筆直的線。選擇適當(dāng)?shù)墓ぞ咄瓿蛇m當(dāng)?shù)哪繕?biāo)。
有了這幾種不同的立意,考生只要抓住其中一個(gè)論點(diǎn)繼而自圓其說,按照剛才做說的寫作步驟,就能較為成功的完成此篇作文,得到一個(gè)理想的分?jǐn)?shù)。
較后,筆者給大家呈現(xiàn)一篇考場佳作,一起來欣賞一下:
In this picture, a pair of compasses, easily draws a circle on the paper, taking pride in itself, while with sweat dropping down, a pencil tries arduously but persistently to draw a large square.
The picture indicates that pride limits our ability and hard work can make us get improved. People, just like the compasses in the picture, are so proud of their own advantages that they become reluctant to better themselves. As a consequence, their potential and ability stop accumulating but remain where they are. However, some pencil-like people, sweating all over, can also draw a unique square of their own if they always do their most to run forward.
In conclusion, we should not resemble the compasses whose pride limits the length of the circle's radium. We should cast aside the pride and meanwhile learn form the pencil who is humbly drawing the largest square. Continuing to cultivate our ability and working industriously can help ourselves to the fullest.
此文結(jié)構(gòu)清晰,立意明確,并能通過嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)耐评,層層推進(jìn)較終來支撐論點(diǎn)。另外,作者語言駕馭能力很強(qiáng),句式結(jié)構(gòu)清晰而不失靈活,語法上準(zhǔn)確無誤,并且句與句之間邏輯關(guān)系明確,使用了適當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡語,使句與句之間銜接更加緊密連貫。并且本文亮點(diǎn)頗多,主要體現(xiàn)在復(fù)合句的使用和高級詞匯的使用,體現(xiàn)出該考生深厚的語言功底。
結(jié)構(gòu)-要點(diǎn)-邏輯-語法-亮點(diǎn)面面俱到,所以本文不失為一篇令人叫絕的佳作,值得大家學(xué)習(xí)。
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