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⑤動詞不定式可以在句子中用作定語,放在名詞或代詞后面。
[A] 記住下面的一些結(jié)構(gòu):
被修飾部分 + 不定式(作后置定語) |
漢語意思 |
|
a key |
to lock the door |
鎖門的鑰匙 |
a box |
to hold these things |
裝這些東西的箱子 |
give her a book |
to read |
給她一本書讀 |
Is there any(+名詞/代詞) |
to (do)? |
有…要(做的)嗎? |
It’s time |
to go. |
是走的時間了。/ 該走了。 |
Do you have any work |
to do? |
你有工作要做嗎? |
I’d like something |
to eat. |
我要點兒吃的。 |
I have nothing |
to say. |
我沒有話要說。 |
Would you like something |
to drink? |
你要點兒喝的嗎? |
[B] 在這種情況下,如果不定式動詞是不及物動詞,則后面必須加介詞。如:
They could not find a place to live in.(他們找不到住的地方)/ Please give me a chair to sit on.(請給我一張椅子坐坐)/ He has got a writing brush to write with.((他找到了寫字的毛筆)
⑥動詞不定式可以在句子中用作狀語,有下列幾種情況:
[A]放在不及物動詞(come, go, stop, finish, wait等詞)的后面。如:He came to see her yesterday.(他昨天來看望她)(表示來的目的)/I stopped to have a rest.(我停下來休息一會兒)(表示停下來的目的)
[B]放在完整的謂語之后(即“謂語+賓語”、“謂語+賓語+補語”、“動詞+表語”之后)。如:We cleaned the room to let him play in it.(我們打掃了房間以便讓他在里面玩)/ I opened the window to see more clearly.(我打開窗子以便看得更清楚點兒)
[C]有時表示目的的不定式短語可以放在句首。如:To arrive there on time,I got up one hour earlier than usual.(為了按時到達,我們比平時早起了一個小時)(表示早起的目的)
[注意] stop to do與stop doing的不同。如:They stopped to have a look.(他們停下來看看)(不定式作“停下來”的目的狀語)/ They stopped looking out of the window and began to listen to the teahcher.(他們停止向窗外望,開始聽老師講課)(動名詞作賓語,表示“停止”的內(nèi)容)