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高考詞語辨析:appear,look,seem的用法區(qū)別
三者均可用作連系動詞,意為“好像”、“似乎”等,區(qū)別如下:
1.從詞義上看:look指視覺印象;appear指外表給人的印象;這兩者可能是真象也可能是假象,appear的不確定性更大一些。seem側(cè)重指根據(jù)某種跡象作出的推斷,也不一定是事實。
2.從句型搭配和用法上看:
(1)三者均可后接不定式,但look之后一般只限于to be(且較少見)。如:
正:He seems[appears,looks]to be tired.他好像很累了。
正:He seems[appears]to have travelled a lot.他似乎去過不少地方。
誤:He looks to have travelled a lot.
(2)look,seem之后可接介詞like,但appear之后一般不能。如:
He looks[seems]like a fool.他看起來像個大傻瓜。
(3)appear和seem不用于進行時態(tài),但look有時可這樣用。如:
正:He looks well.他看上去氣色不錯。
誤:He is seeming[appearing]well.
(4)三者均可用于it開頭的句子,且三者之后均可接以as if或as though引導(dǎo)的從句,另外appear和seem之后還可接that引導(dǎo)的從句。如:
It looks[seems,appears]as if he has lost interest in his job.看來他對自己的工作已失去了興趣。
It seems[appears]that he is very tired.他似乎很累了。
注:后接that從句時,有時可用so,not代之。如:
A:Are they reliable?他們可靠嗎?
B:It seems[appears]so(not).似乎是可靠的(不可靠)。
另外,比較以下同義句型:
It seems[appears]that he is ill.=He seems[appears]to be ill.他似乎病了。