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形容詞(2)
1. 限定用法：形容詞緊靠著〔代)名詞，直接修飾該〔代)名詞。
(1)前位修飾：
(A)字尾為en或表比較的形容詞，大多只能作限定用法，放在名詞的前面。
a wooden leg; earthen ware; his elder sister; the upper room， etc.
(B)下列這些形容詞只有限定用法，沒有敘述用法。
upper; former; latter; outer; inner; utmost; mere; only; utter; main; certain; very; live; spare;
(C)形容詞前有so; no; too; how等字時(shí)，不定冠詞應(yīng)放在形容詞之后。
He could not do it in so short a time.
He is no less remarkable a man than his elder brother (is)。
(2)后位修飾：
(A)名詞之后的數(shù)詞+名詞+old; long; high; wide; deep; etc.
a man eighty-five years old; a river two hundred miles long;
(B)為加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣或音調(diào)美，而將限定形容詞放在后面。
He had a face thin and worn， but eager and resolute.
(C)something; anything; everyone; anybody… + 形容詞。
I‘ll tell you something very important.
That’s nothing new.
(D) 由形容詞子句省略主詞和動(dòng)詞而不的過去(或現(xiàn)在)分詞或形容詞片語(yǔ)。
I have answered all the letters (which were) received (by me)。
Alfred was a king anxious for his people‘s welfare.
2.敘述用法：形容詞作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，間接地修飾〔代)名詞。
He was awake all the night. 〔主詞補(bǔ)語(yǔ))
The noise kept me awake. 〔受詞補(bǔ)語(yǔ))
注：可作限定用法和敘述用法的形容詞。
I have many trustworthy friends. 和 All of my friends are trustworthy.
It was a hot and sultry day. 和 The weather became hot and sultry.
3.作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的形容詞：
(1)be+形容詞+介系詞：由此結(jié)合而成的片語(yǔ)，有些等于及物動(dòng)詞。
I am fond of skiing. = I like skiing.
He is afraid of it. = He fears it.
注：其他如：be capable of; be concerned with; be (un)familiar with (to); be late for; be subject to; be worthy of; etc.
(2)某些已轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞的過去分詞，其后通常接at; about; with; in; of等介詞。
John is interested in English grammar.
He was surprised at her behaviour.
(3)be+形容詞+介系詞：可接〔代)名詞，動(dòng)名詞，或名詞子句，但名詞子句若是that子句須省略介詞，因that子句不可直接作介詞的受詞。
She was not aware of the facts.
She was not aware (of) how much her husband earned.
She was not aware that there is danger.
(4)It+ be +形容詞+that子句
It is true that she never came.
此類形容詞有：certain; likely; obvious; plain; possible; true; etc.
(A)that子句中的假設(shè)法。
It is appropriate that he (should) get the post. (should可省略〕
(B)人稱形容詞亦可接其他連接詞引導(dǎo)的子句。
I’m not sure why he came.
I‘m not clear where she went.
4.有關(guān)worth; worth while; worthy的句型 如下：
(A)主詞(含it) + be worth + (動(dòng))名詞
(B)It(虛主詞) + be worth while + 不定詞或動(dòng)名詞
(C)主詞 + be worthy + of + (動(dòng))名詞
主詞 + be worthy + 不定詞
his book is worth reading. (= It is worth while to read this book. = This book is worthy of reading. = This book is worthy to be read.)
5.like和as： like只能作介詞不能作連接詞; as則兩者都可。
I hoped to succeed as you have (succeeded)。
I hoped to succeed like you.
I hope to succeed *like you have. (like作連詞是非正式的用法)
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