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2017年高考英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力答題技巧方法,高考英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力診斷部分在整套試題中占有重要地位。它要求考生從頭到尾按順序往下聽(tīng),在有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)做出選擇,沒(méi)有“回頭看”的余地。多年的高三教學(xué)工作筆者發(fā)現(xiàn)孩子長(zhǎng)期進(jìn)行聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練并且掌握一些基本的聽(tīng)力學(xué)習(xí)技巧,對(duì)于在考場(chǎng)上正常發(fā)揮水平,取得理想的成績(jī)尤為重要。下面就結(jié)合近幾年的高考英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力試題介紹一些學(xué)習(xí)技巧和解題的基本方法。
一、學(xué)會(huì)預(yù)測(cè)預(yù)測(cè)是在做聽(tīng)力理解之前根據(jù)各種暗示,如所給答案選項(xiàng),段落或?qū)υ挊?biāo)題等已有知識(shí),對(duì)即將聽(tīng)到的段落或?qū)υ拑?nèi)容進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè)。
1.從答案選項(xiàng)中預(yù)測(cè):
Q:What does Tom do?
A.He’s a truck driver.B.He’s a ship captain.C.He’s a pilot.
錄音原文:W:Tom flew to Anchorage last night,then took some passengers from there to Dallas.M:Yeah,but he couldn't land because the airport in Dallas was snowed in.從選項(xiàng)看,問(wèn)題應(yīng)是關(guān)于職業(yè)方面的,再?gòu)膄lew,passengers,airport這些信息詞中可知道Tom的職業(yè)。
2.從說(shuō)話人口氣預(yù)測(cè):
在A,B兩人的對(duì)話中,如果B是附和或贊成,往往說(shuō)“Yes”,“I agree”,“Sure”,“I think so”等。但如A用否定句,B表同意時(shí)則用“No”,“Neither/Nor?”等。
例如:A:Harvey doesn't seem to fit into this class.B:No,he is really a fish out of water.
二、做簡(jiǎn)要筆記聽(tīng)錄音時(shí)助力,準(zhǔn)確,簡(jiǎn)要地記下有關(guān)信息(包括數(shù)字,人名,地名,關(guān)鍵詞),前提是不要影響跟聽(tīng)速度,采用自己習(xí)慣的符號(hào)。
例:How much will the man pay for the tickets?
A.$18 B.$24 C.$30
原文:W:Tickets for the movie are$6 for adults,half price for children.M:All right,I’d like three tickets for adults and two tickets for children,please.筆記可簡(jiǎn)化為:$6 A(A代表adult),C代表children,3A+2C或6 A(3)+half C(2)
三、聽(tīng)清數(shù)據(jù),簡(jiǎn)要記錄,加以運(yùn)算。
在獲取時(shí)間信息時(shí),不要誤把會(huì)話中提到的時(shí)間簡(jiǎn)單確定為問(wèn)題的答案。高考聽(tīng)力考查時(shí)間時(shí)往往要進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的時(shí)間換算。
At what time does the train to Leeds leave?
A.3:00 B.3:15 C.5:00
錄音原文:W:Excuse me,could you tell me when the next train to Manchester is?M:Sure.Well,it's 3 now.The next train to Manchester leaves in 2 hours,but you can take the train to Leeds which leaves in 15 minutes,and then get off at Manchester on the way.對(duì)話中提到了三個(gè)時(shí)間It's 3 now,in 2 hours,in 15 minutes.
現(xiàn)在是3點(diǎn),開(kāi)往Manchester的火車(chē)要兩小時(shí)后才開(kāi),即The train to Manchester leaves in 2 hours。若簡(jiǎn)單機(jī)械地把3點(diǎn)和2點(diǎn)相加,會(huì)得出火車(chē)5點(diǎn)才開(kāi)的錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)C。
數(shù)字類(lèi)問(wèn)題分辨別類(lèi)和類(lèi)兩種:
1.要注意區(qū)分-teen和-ty及four和five的發(fā)音;辨別多位數(shù),如電話號(hào)碼,門(mén)牌等
2.時(shí)間,錢(qián)款,距離,年齡,人或物的數(shù)量等;聽(tīng)出數(shù)字間的關(guān)系,更要聽(tīng)清問(wèn)題,因?yàn)閷?duì)運(yùn)算方法的要求通常寓于問(wèn)題中;注意more,less,as much(many)as,another,double,a couple of;to,past,quarter;記住時(shí)間是60進(jìn)制如出現(xiàn)幾個(gè)數(shù)字,應(yīng)注意鑒別問(wèn)的是那一個(gè)。
例:At what time does the office open?
A.At 8:15 B.At 8:30 C.At 7:45
從常識(shí)判斷,辦公時(shí)間往往以整點(diǎn)開(kāi)始,而不會(huì)在幾點(diǎn)幾分。
聽(tīng)力原文:M:I wonder why the office is still not open.W:But it's not yet eight.In fact,it's only a quarter to eight.
四、抓住關(guān)鍵詞,對(duì)癥下藥
聽(tīng)力診斷常出現(xiàn)以Where提問(wèn)的問(wèn)句,考生要通過(guò)對(duì)話的具體情節(jié)和背景判斷對(duì)話發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)。一般來(lái)說(shuō),特定場(chǎng)景的用語(yǔ)和關(guān)鍵詞是基本固定的,考生要對(duì)此多了解,熟悉明白。在遇到Where does the conversation take place?/Where does sb.work?What’s his job?之類(lèi)的問(wèn)題時(shí),就會(huì)派上用場(chǎng)。
如:restaurant:menu,bill,order,tip,hamburger,beer,soup hotel:luggage,single room,double room,room number,check in(out)hospital:take medicine,temperature,pill,headache,fever,examine post office:mail,deliver,stamp,envelope,parcel airport:flight,take off,land,luggage railway station:round trip,single trip,sleeping car store:on sale,size,wear,color,style,price,change,bargain,fit school:professor,exam,course,term,dining hall,playground library:librarian,renew,date,shelf,magazine,seat對(duì)于前五道簡(jiǎn)短對(duì)話,要根據(jù)問(wèn)題的類(lèi)型,從第二個(gè)講話者的答語(yǔ)中來(lái)捕捉關(guān)鍵詞
如:What’s the man going to do?
A.Run to the airport.B.Wait for another bus.C.Hurry to get the next bus.
根據(jù)選項(xiàng)看,對(duì)話似乎與bus有關(guān),主要信息捕捉范圍是在“Hurry”或“Run”和“Wait”之間。聽(tīng)音范圍明顯縮小。
原文M:Excuse me,can you tell me when the next bus leaves for the airport?W:It leaves in three minutes.If you run,you might catch it.關(guān)鍵詞“run”和“catch”正好對(duì)上答案C的“Hurry”和“get”。
五、較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話和短文的理解抓聽(tīng)首句和首段有助于整體理解文章;結(jié)尾部分所給出的信息不一定是題目的正確答案,可能只是一個(gè)陷阱;推理思路要正確;語(yǔ)境中抓要點(diǎn)。獨(dú)白部分(即第十段材料)可分為四種類(lèi)型:*人物與故事型:敘述人物的經(jīng)歷和成就,要抓住故事發(fā)展線索,所問(wèn)問(wèn)題多屬事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題*普通知識(shí)型:內(nèi)容涉及面較廣,問(wèn)題以事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題居多*社會(huì)科學(xué)型:涉及到文化教育,社會(huì)治安,代溝問(wèn)題,就業(yè)問(wèn)題,婦女問(wèn)題,人口問(wèn)題,環(huán)境保護(hù),國(guó)家發(fā)展等。問(wèn)題常涉及獨(dú)白的主題或題目,故需作推理判斷。*科普知識(shí)型:主要涉及自然科學(xué),如生物,物理,海洋,機(jī),醫(yī)學(xué),氣象,科學(xué)發(fā)明等。如遇專(zhuān)業(yè)詞匯和術(shù)語(yǔ),可利用語(yǔ)境線索猜詞義。
六、果斷選題,學(xué)會(huì)放棄相信先進(jìn)感覺(jué),當(dāng)機(jī)立斷,決不能反反復(fù)復(fù),甚至影響后面的答題,切記不可因某個(gè)小題未聽(tīng)懂而患得患失,不可因一題失多題,造成一步跟不上,步步皆踏空的結(jié)果?傊,只要掌握基本的聽(tīng)力技巧和方法、排除一切干擾,全身心地投入語(yǔ)境、持之以恒地堅(jiān)持高考全真模擬聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練,高考中定能取得理想的成績(jī)。
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