預(yù)約高中1對1精品課程(面授/在線)，滿足學(xué)員個性化學(xué)習(xí)需求 馬上報名↓
高中期末診斷-高三英語期末之動詞用法！元旦過后，馬上就要到期末診斷了。大家接觸了十幾年的英語，單詞一定積累了不少的單詞。大家對于動詞的用法了解多少呢？比如，各類固定搭配的用法。愛智康助力診斷，下面是高中期末診斷-高三英語期末之動詞用法希望對同學(xué)們有幫助！
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高中期末診斷-高三英語期末之動詞用法(一)
一、系動詞(link-v)。 句子結(jié)構(gòu)：①主語+系動詞+表語(S+V.+P)
連系動詞不能獨立做謂語，必須跟表語一起構(gòu)成謂語。系動詞后的表語可以是名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞、分詞、動名詞、不定式、副詞、介詞短語、詞組、從句等。系動詞無被動形式。
(1) 表示特征或狀態(tài)： be, look, seem, appear, smell, taste, sound, feel, turn out, prove等。
1) It sounds a good idea.
2) This food tastes good.
3) The door remained closed.
(2) 表示持續(xù)： keep, remain, stay, lie, stand等。
1) I hope you will keep fit.
2) We can remain friends.
3) Please stay seated.
(3) 表示變化： become, go, get, grow, turn, fall, come, run等。
1) He went mad.
2) His hair turned grey.
3) I fell ill.
二、不及物動詞。不及物動詞后面通常不跟賓語，且無被動形式。句子結(jié)構(gòu)：②主語+不及物動詞(S+Vi)。
1) Birds can fly.
2) I can jump high.
其他不及物動詞：agree, arrive, arise, belong, come, die, dive, exist, fall, flow, go, happen, hurry, rise, listen, look, rise, run, sit, sail, succeed walk, work, stay等.
不及物動詞若要跟賓語，必須在其后加介詞方可再接賓語(Vi+prep.+O).
1) Look at me !
2) Sit on the stool!
高中期末診斷-高三英語期末之動詞用法(二)
三、及物動詞。及物動詞后面必須跟賓語，且可以用于被動語態(tài)。句子結(jié)構(gòu)如下：
1. ③主語+及物動詞+賓語(S+Vt+O)
He reached Paris the day before yesterday.
還有forget, receive, see, say, supply, select, show, take, raise, visit, spend等
2. ④主語+及物動詞+間接賓語(人)+直接賓語(物)(S+Vt+sb+sth)
1) Please show me the letter.
2) Please hand me the book over there.
3) Can you buy me a meal?
4) John has sent Betty a cheque of $1000.
5) I will give you the latest newsletter.
6) She made me a beautiful dress.
若要先說出直接賓語(事物)，后說間接賓語(人)，則要借助于介詞to或for, 如：
1) He brings cookies to me every day.
2) She made a beautiful dress for me.
常跟雙賓語的動詞:
(需借助to的) ask, bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, promise, return, send, show, teach, tell, write等。
(需借助for 的) buy, call, cook, choose, find, get, make, order, sing, save等。
3. ⑤主語+及物動詞+賓語+賓補(S+Vt+O+O.C)
賓補的定義：有些及物動詞帶了賓語后還需要有一個補足成分才能使句子完整，這個補足成分就叫做賓語補足語，用來說明賓語的行為、特征、狀態(tài)、身份等。賓語和賓補一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語。
主要有下面幾種類型：
1. Vt+賓語+名詞 She found him a very clever boy.
2. Vt+賓語+形容詞 He had a strange way of making his class lively and interesting.
3. Vt+賓語+副詞或介詞短語 To her surprise, she found herself in a different world.
4. Vt+賓語+to do They asked me to go fishing.
類似動詞：tell, beg, force, wish, want, expect, advise, permit, order, persuade等
5. 及物動詞+賓語+doing/do/done
I saw you taking the key out of your pocket when I came in.
I saw you take the key out of your pocket.= I saw the key taken out of your pocket.
類似動詞：see, watch, notice, hear, feel, have等
四、既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的動詞，其意義不變。
1) Our game begins.
2) Let us begin our game.
3) “I’m sorry,” he answered.
4) He didn’t answer my question.
類似動詞：start, sing, close, consider, read, learn, prepare, pay, hurt, improve, increase…
五、既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的動詞，其意義完全不同。
1) He lifted his glass and drank. (vt舉起)
2) We saw the mountain when the clouds lifted(vi消散).
類似動詞：beat (vi.跳動 vt.打) grow (vi.生長 vt.種植) hang (vi.懸掛 vt.絞死) smell (vi.聞起來 vt.嗅)
鞏固訓(xùn)練(找錯誤)
1)When did Susan marry to Paul? 2)She is laughing the crippled man.
3)Who will answer to this question? 4)He arrived London yesterday.
5)The children are listening the music. 6)Children must obey to their parents.
7)The tiger attacked on the boy. 8)He hopes to serve for his nation.
9)His idea is sounded reasonable. 10)Nothing is remained to do.
說明：上述①②③④⑤為五種基本句型。
高中期末診斷-高三英語期末之動詞用法(三)
1.實義動詞分為及物與不及物, 及物動詞要求有賓語, 能用于被動語態(tài); 不及物動詞不能有賓語, 不能用于被動語態(tài)
2.實義動詞還可分為持續(xù)動詞與瞬間動詞, 前者可以與表示段時間的時間狀語連用, 而后者不可. 但瞬間動詞的否定式表示“該動作沒有發(fā)生”, 可視為一種可持續(xù)的狀態(tài), 并可與段時間狀語連用
a. They watched the train leave for five minutes. ( watch是持續(xù)動詞)
b. I received his letter yesterday. ( receive是瞬間動詞)
c. How long have you joined the army ?(錯誤: joined是瞬間動詞, 不能與段時間how long連用)
d. When did you join the army ? (正確)
e. How long have you been in the army ? (正確)
f. How long may I borrow the book ? (錯誤: borrow是瞬間動詞, 不能與段時間how long連用)
g. How long may I keep the book ? (正確)
h. I haven’t received his letter for almost two months. (not receive表示“沒有收到”, 這一意思可視為一種持續(xù)的狀態(tài), 因此可以和段時間two months連用)
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