2015初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全(19)

(2)作表語(yǔ)：地點(diǎn)副詞一般可以作表語(yǔ),放在be等連系動(dòng)詞之后,說明人物所處的位置。如：I’m very sorry he isn’t in at the moment.(很抱歉,他此刻不在家)/ I have been away from my hometown for nearly 20 years.(我離開家鄉(xiāng)有將近20年了)/ Jim is over there.(吉姆就在那邊)

(3)作定語(yǔ)：時(shí)間副詞(如now、then)以及許多地點(diǎn)副詞都可以作名詞的定語(yǔ),放在名詞的后面。如：People now often have their festival dinners at restaurants.(現(xiàn)在的人們經(jīng)常在餐館里吃節(jié)日晚宴)/ Women there were living a terrible life in the 1920s.(在二十世紀(jì)20年代那兒的女人過著可怕的日子)

(4)作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：地點(diǎn)副詞一般可以作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。如：Put your dirty socks away, Jim! They are giving out bad smell!(吉姆,把你的臟襪子拿開！它們?cè)谏�發(fā)著臭氣。)/ Father kept him in and doing his lessons.(父親把他關(guān)在家里做功課)

[注意] “動(dòng)詞+副詞”的賓語(yǔ)如果是代詞,則該副詞應(yīng)該放在代詞之后。如：He wrote down the word.(他寫下了那個(gè)詞。)→He wrote it down.(他把它寫了下來。)

3、有關(guān)副詞的重要注釋：

⑴as…as…常構(gòu)成一些詞組：as soon as…(一旦…就…), as well as…(同樣), as+形容詞/副詞+as possible(盡可能……地)。如：Please ring me up as soon as you get to Beijing.(請(qǐng)你一到北京就給我寫信。)/ Miss Gao hurried to the school gate as quickly as possible.(高小姐盡快地趕到了校門口。)

[注釋]“as long / much as + 名詞”可以表示“長(zhǎng)達(dá)/多達(dá)…”的含義。如：The house costs as much as five hundred thousand yuan.(那幢房子花費(fèi)高達(dá)50萬(wàn)元。)/ They stayed in the cave(山洞)as long as two weeks.(他們呆在山洞里長(zhǎng)達(dá)兩周。)

⑵later、after、ago、before的用法：①“一段時(shí)間+later/ago”分別表示“(多久)以后/以前”,主要用于過去時(shí)態(tài)。②“after/before+某個(gè)時(shí)刻”分別表示“在某時(shí)刻之后/之前”,此時(shí)兩個(gè)詞是介詞。③ago與before：ago只能用于過去時(shí),before用于完成時(shí)。如：He had an accident a week ago.(一周前出了一個(gè)事故)/ Some years later, the boy became a very famous singer.(數(shù)年后這個(gè)男孩成了的歌唱家)/ Have you been there before?(你從前到過那兒?jiǎn)幔?/ After a few years he gave up smoking.(過了幾年他戒了煙。)

⑶above、below、over、under的用法：在上下方用above和below,在高低處用over和under.如：The stars are high above in the sky.(星星高掛在空中)/ A plane flew over quickly.(一架飛機(jī)從頭頂飛過。)

當(dāng)above、below、over、under是介詞性質(zhì)時(shí),意義相似。

⑷too、also、either、nor的用法：too(“也”)用于肯定句和疑問句的末尾,且用逗號(hào)隔開；also(“也”)用于肯定句句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前；either(“也”)用于否定句末尾,也用逗號(hào)隔開；nor(“也不”)用于倒裝句句首；如：Are you American,too?(你也是美國(guó)人嗎？)/ He is not happy and I am not happy, either.(他不愉快,我也不。)/ He didn’t watch the football game. Nor did I.(他沒有看足球賽,我也沒有。)/ You can also find the market is very good.(你還可以發(fā)覺那個(gè)市場(chǎng)很好。)

⑸enough、too、so、very、quite、very much的用法：enough(“足夠,十分”)放在形容詞或副詞之后；too(“太”)、very(“非常”)、quite(“相當(dāng)”)、so(“如此地”)等放在形容詞或副詞之前,very much(“非常”)放在動(dòng)詞之后。如：It’s too/so/very/quite expensive.(它太貴/那么貴/非常貴/相當(dāng)貴。)/ I don’t like sweets very much.(我不很喜歡糖果)

  [注意]very與much的區(qū)別：very修飾形容詞、副詞的原級(jí)和現(xiàn)在分詞形容詞,much修飾形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)；much還可以修飾疑問句和否定句中的動(dòng)詞,very不可以。如：He is very stupid.(他很笨)/ The film was very moving and everyone swept.(電影非常動(dòng)人,大家都哭了)/ You must work much harder or you will fail to enter the good school.(你得學(xué)習(xí)更努力,不然你考不進(jìn)那所好學(xué)校)/ I don’t like him much.(我不太喜歡他)