高中期末考試-高一英語期末之定語從句

2019-01-11 23:19:03 　來源：網(wǎng)絡整理

　　高中期末診斷-高一英語期末之定語從句！2019年啦，大家又長了一歲，在這辭舊迎新的時刻，祝大家新年快樂，同時祝大家準備輕松，診斷順利，加油哦，下面是高中期末診斷-高一英語期末之定語從句希望對同學們有幫助！

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　　高中期末診斷-高一英語期末之定語從句(一)

　　定語從句概要：

　　(這是有關(guān)定語從句的精要介紹，涵蓋了有關(guān)定語從句的各個方面，供參考：)

　　引導定語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞包括關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。關(guān)系代詞有that, which, whose, who, whom, as;關(guān)系副詞有when, where, why。關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中都充當一定的句法成份。關(guān)系代詞在從句中充當動詞的賓語時一般可以省略。

　　關(guān)系代詞的選用比較復雜，受下列條件的制約：

　　(1) 要看先行詞是指人還是指物，

　　(2) 要看關(guān)系代詞在從句中句法功能，

　　(3) 要看定語從句是限定性的還是非限定性的。

　　在定語從句中充當?shù)某煞?/p>

　　↓ 用于限定性或非限定性從句只用于限定性從句

　　指人指物指人或指物

　　主語 who which that

　　賓語 whom which that

　　謂語 whose whose (of which)

　　高中期末診斷-高一英語期末之定語從句(二)

　　That 只能用在限定性定語從句中，而who, whom, which, which 既可用于限定性定語從句中，也可用于非限定性定語從句。

　　I know that he is a man who means what he says.

　　I know that he is a man that means what he says. 【我知道他是一個守信用的人。】

　　The gentleman whom she met addressed her with courtesy.

　　The gentleman that she met addressed her with courtesy. 【她遇到的那位先生很有禮貌地向她打了招呼。】

　　The gentleman she met addressed her with courtesy.(在從句中充當動詞賓語的關(guān)系代詞，可以省略。)

　　The watch which was lost has been found.

　　The watch that was lost has been found. 【丟了的表找到了�！�

　　Here is the material which you need. (注：現(xiàn)代美語中不允許這樣用)

　　Here is the material that you need.

　　Here is the material you need. 【你要的材料在這兒了�！�

　　You are the only one whose advice he might listen to. 他也就是聽你的話吧。

　　關(guān)系副詞的選用相對來說比較簡單，如果先行詞是表示時間的名詞，如time, day 等，則用when, 如先行詞為表示地點的名詞，如place, house, area 等等，則選用where。如果先行詞為reason 則選用why

　　I will never forget the mountain village where I spent my childhood.

　　I will never forget the mountain village in which I spent my childhood.

　　我永遠也不會忘記我度過童年的那個小山村。

　　I don’t know the reason why he did that.

　　I don’t know the reason for which he did that. 【我不知道他為什么這么做�！�

　　當先行詞是all, something, nothing 等不定代詞時，或者先行詞的前面有first, last, only, few, much, some, any, no 等詞修飾時，或者先行詞的前面有更高級修飾時，一般只用that 而不用which 來引導定語從句：

　　I have explained everything that I can to you.

　　I have explained everything I can to you. 【我已經(jīng)盡一切可能把事情向你解釋得一清二楚�！�

　　This is the most beautiful campus that I have ever been to.

　　This is the most beautiful campus I have ever been to. 【這是我見到的較美麗的校園�！�

　　That’s all that I know.

　　That’s all I know. 【我知道的就是這些。】

　　Can you tell me something that you know?

　　Can you tell something you know? 【你能把你知道的一些情況告訴我嗎?】

　　There is nothing that I cannot tell you.

　　There is nothing I cannot tell you. 【我沒有什么不能告訴你的事情�！�

　　The first thing that we should do is to work out a plan.

　　The first thing we should do is to work out a plan. 【我們應該做的頭一件事就是訂一個計劃�！�

　　The last place that we visited was the farm.

　　The last place we visited was the farm. 【我們較后參觀的地方是農(nóng)場�！�

　　高中期末診斷-高一英語期末之定語從句(三)

　　還有一種定語從句，它的結(jié)構(gòu)是：the same ….. as…, such … as

　　這里的as 可以指人或物，這里的as 引導的是限定性定語從句：

　　Such furniture as is very popular is expensive. 一種很受歡迎的家具價錢昂貴。

　　We have successfully done the same experiment as you did. 你做過的那個試驗我們已經(jīng)成功地做完了。

　　It wasn’t such a computer as the advertisement had promised. 這種電腦可不是廣告中說的那種電腦。

　　限定性定語從句與主句關(guān)系密切，為句中不可缺少的部分，如去掉，主句意思就不完整了。而非限定性定語從句與主句關(guān)系松散，如果去掉了，主句內(nèi)容仍然完整。在書面語中非限定性定語從句一般補逗號隔開。非限定性定語從句一般不用that 引導。引導非限定性定語從句的關(guān)系詞不可省略。

　　His speech, which bored everyone, went on and on. 他的講話沒完沒了，真讓人煩。

　　The general’s daughter, whose name is Jane, gave me a sweet smile.

　　將軍的女兒名叫珍妮。她沖我笑了笑，笑得好甜啊。

　　非限定性定語從句中，先行詞也可以是整個句子，一般用which 或as 來引導定語從句，which在從句中可充當主語、賓語等，as 在從句中一般只充當主語，which 與as 引導這類定語從句的區(qū)別在于：which 只能放在句子當中或句子末尾，而as 的位置比較靈活，可以放在句子當中、句子末尾，也可以放在句首。

　　As is known to all, too much stress can cause disease.

　　Too much stress can cause disease, as is known to all.

　　Too much stress can cause disease, which is known to all. 【眾所周知，壓力太大了，人會得病的�！�

　　Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen, which is known to all.

　　Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen, as is known to all. 【眾所周知，水是由氫和氧組成的�！�

　　關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中有時也作介詞的賓語。如果介詞被置于關(guān)系代詞前，一般只用介詞加which 或介詞加whom，而不用介詞加that來引導定語從句。如果介詞被置于從句句末，則可以使用that來代替which或whom，這時的that可以省略。

　　This is the ring on which she spent 1,000 dollars. 這就是她花了一千美元買的那枚戒指。

　　One of my colleagues whom you are familiar with will come today.

　　One of my colleagues that you are familiar with will come today.

　　One of my colleagues you are familiar with will come today.

　　我的一個同事，就是你非常熟悉的那個人，今天要過來。

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