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高中期末診斷-高三英語期末之主語從句(一)
1. 定義：用作主語的從句叫做主語從句。
2. 構(gòu)成：關(guān)聯(lián)詞+簡(jiǎn)單句
3. 引導(dǎo)主語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有三類：
(1) 從屬連詞that。 如：That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them.
很明顯，她們確是親姐妹，她們的臉型很相似。
(2) 從屬連詞whether。如：
Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear. 他是否會(huì)來這里還不清楚。
(3) 連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever
連接副詞 where, when, how, why。如：
What she did is not yet known. 她干了什么尚不清楚。
How this happened is not clear to anyone. 這事怎樣發(fā)生的，誰也不清楚。
Whoever comes is welcome. 不論誰來都?xì)g迎。
Wherever you are is my home ---- my only home. 你所在的任何地方就是我的家----我先進(jìn)的家。
解釋：
1. 主語從句能用it作形式上的主語。常以it作形式主語的句型有：
A. It+be+形容詞(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)+that從句。如：
It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 毫無疑問她診斷成績(jī)會(huì)很好。
It is probable that he told her everything. 很可能他把一切都告訴她了。
B. It+be+名詞詞組(no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.)+that從句。如：
It’s a pity that we can’t go. 很遺憾我們不能去。
It’s no surprise that our team should have won the game. 我們沒贏這場(chǎng)比賽真意外。
C. It+be+過去分詞(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged, etc.)+that從句。如：
It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing. 據(jù)說格林先生已經(jīng)到了北京。
It is reported that China has sent another man-made earth satellite into orbit.
據(jù)報(bào)道中國又成功地發(fā)射了一顆人造地球衛(wèi)星。
D. It+seem, happen等不及物動(dòng)詞及短語+that從句。如：
It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all. Alice似乎不來參加晚會(huì)。
It happened that I was out that day. 碰巧我那天外出了。
E. It+doesn’t matter (makes no difference, etc.)+連接代詞或連接副詞引起的主語從句。如：
It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not. 她是否來這無關(guān)緊要。
It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting. 我們?cè)谀睦镩_會(huì)毫無區(qū)別。
F. 當(dāng)that引導(dǎo)的主語從句出現(xiàn)在疑問句中時(shí)，要以it作形式主語，而把主語從句后置。如：
Is it true that the scientist will give us a lecture next week? 下周那位科學(xué)家將給我們作報(bào)告是真的嗎?
Does it matter much that they will not come tomorrow? 他們明天不來很要緊嗎?
G. 當(dāng)主語從句出現(xiàn)在感嘆句中時(shí)，要以it作形式主語，而把主語從句后置。如：
How strange it is that the children are so quiet! 孩子們這么安靜真奇怪!
2.注意連接代詞whoever, whatever, whichever等引導(dǎo)主語從句的含義
Whoever comes will be welcome. (whoever=the person who) 來的人將受到歡迎。
Whatever he did was right. (whatever=the thing that) 他所做的事情是正確的。
Whichever of you comes in will receive a prize. (whichever=anyone of you who) 你們當(dāng)中不論哪個(gè)進(jìn)來將會(huì)得到獎(jiǎng)
高中期末診斷-高三英語期末之主語從句(二)
用法詳解1： 關(guān)系代詞型what引導(dǎo)
What we need is money. 我們需要的是錢。
What I want to know is this. 我想知道的就是這一點(diǎn)。
What’s done is done. 事已成定局。
What he says is not important. 他說的話并不重要。
What I am telling you is mere impressions. 我和你說的都不過是一些印象而已。
What make the river more beautiful are the lotus plants growing in the water. 為河水增色的是水里的荷花。
What you need is a good-sized canvas bag. 你需要的是一個(gè)比較大的帆布袋。
What I am afraid of is their taking him to Portugal. 我擔(dān)心的是他們把他帶到葡萄牙去。
What struck me was that they have all suffered a lot. 給我很深印象的是他們都受過很多苦。
用法詳解2：連接副詞引導(dǎo)
When we arrive doesn’t matter. 什么時(shí)候到?jīng)]有關(guān)系。
How it was done was a mystery. 這是怎樣做的是一個(gè)謎。
How this happended is not clear to anyone. 這件事怎樣發(fā)生的，誰也不清楚。
How many people we are to invite is still a question. 邀請(qǐng)多少人還是一個(gè)問題。
Where I spend my summer is no business of yours. 我在哪里過暑假不關(guān)你的事。
高中期末診斷-高三英語期末之主語從句(三)
用法詳解3：連接代詞引導(dǎo)
Whoever is top from wins the game when two matched players meet. 兩強(qiáng)相爭(zhēng)勇者勝。
Whichever (of you) comes in first will receive a prize. 無論(你們)誰先到都可以得獎(jiǎng)。
Whichever you want is yours. 你要哪個(gè)哪個(gè)就是你的。
用法詳解4：whether引導(dǎo)
Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen. 是否對(duì)我們有害還要看一看。
Whether they would support us was a problem. 他們是否會(huì)支持我們還是一個(gè)問題。
用法詳解5：that引導(dǎo) That he is still alive is a wonder. 他還活著，真是奇跡。
That we shall be late is certain. 我們要晚了，這是確定無疑的。
That he should have ignored the working class was natural. 他忽視工人階級(jí)是很自然的。
That she is still alive is a consolation. 她還活著是使人感到寬慰的。
That she became an artist may have been due to her father’s influence. 她成為畫家可能是受她父親的影響。
That you are coming to London is the best news I have heard this long time. 你將來倫敦是好久以來我聽到的較好消息。
That she was chosen made a tremendous stir in her village. 她被挑選上，在她村子里引起很大轟動(dòng)。
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