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2019年北京高三一模英語“ed”用法練習(xí)

2019-03-06 21:13:23  來源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)整理

  2019年北京高三一模英語“ed”用法訓(xùn)練!ed是一般過去時(shí)動(dòng)詞變形一般情況的后綴,一般過去時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài);過去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、行為。在英語語法中,“時(shí)“指動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間,”態(tài)“指動(dòng)作的樣子和狀態(tài)。下面是2019年北京高三一模英語“ed”用法訓(xùn)練!同學(xué)們,加油。

 

 

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  2019年北京高三一模英語“ed”用法訓(xùn)練(一)


  (1)作表語


 、龠^去分詞作表語時(shí),說明主語所處的狀態(tài)。


  You shouldn’t try to stand up if you are badly hurt.如果你嚴(yán)重受傷,就不應(yīng)站起來。


  He is gone.他走了。


  You are mistaken.你錯(cuò)了。


 、诒硎厩楦械膭(dòng)詞的ed形式作表語


  表示情感的動(dòng)詞的ed形式常見有disappointed(失望的),astonished(驚訝的),excited(激動(dòng)的),interested(感興趣的),frightened(害怕的),moved(感動(dòng)的),pleased(高興的), puzzled (不解的),satisfied(滿足的),surprised(驚奇的),touched (感動(dòng)的),worried(擔(dān)憂的)等。這類此都有“被怎樣了的”意義”表示主語的狀態(tài),主語一般是人。


  I was not satisfied with the result.我對(duì)那個(gè)結(jié)果感到不滿意。


  I was deeply moved by the moving story.我被這個(gè)感人的故事感動(dòng)了。


  I was very surprised at the news.我聽到這個(gè)消息后非常吃驚。


  英語動(dòng)詞加ed的用法


  (2)作定語


  動(dòng)詞的-ed形式作定語表示被動(dòng)與完成,其邏輯主語就是它所修飾的中心詞,是它動(dòng)作的承受者。


 、 作定語的過去分詞如果是單個(gè)詞,一般放在名詞的前面。


  Japan is a developed country.日本是一個(gè)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家。


  He cleared up all the fallen leaves.他清除所有的落葉。


  Polluted air and water are harmful to people’s health .污染的空氣和水對(duì)人們的健康是有害的。


 、 如果是過去分詞短語,要放在名詞的后面,相當(dāng)于一個(gè)含有被動(dòng)語態(tài)的定語從句。


  The largest collection ever found in England was one of about 200,000 silver pennies. (=which were ever found…)曾經(jīng)在英國(guó)發(fā)掘的較大的一批硬幣有大約20萬枚銀便士。


  The research is so designed that once begun nothing can be done to change it.(= once it is begun)研究是這樣設(shè)計(jì)的,一旦啟動(dòng)就不能改變。


  People developed a kind of paper made from the fibres of plants.人們研制出一種用植物纖維制成的紙。


  The first textbooks written for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. 為英語教學(xué)編寫的先進(jìn)套教科書出臺(tái)于16世紀(jì)。


  ③表示情感的動(dòng)詞的ed形式作定語


  表示情感的動(dòng)詞的ed形式常見有disappointed(失望的),astonished(驚訝的),excited(激動(dòng)的),interested(感興趣的),frightened(害怕的),moved(感動(dòng)的),pleased(高興的), puzzled (不解的),satisfied(滿足的),surprised(驚奇的),touched (感動(dòng)的),worried(擔(dān)憂的)等。這類此都有“被怎樣了的”意義”表示中心詞的狀態(tài),中心詞一般是人。


  The excited football fans were singing in loud voices.那些興奮的球迷在高聲唱歌。


  The frightened child kept trembling all the time.那個(gè)被嚇壞的男孩一直在發(fā)抖。


  ④己完全形容詞化動(dòng)詞的ed形式作定語


  有些動(dòng)詞的ed形式己完全形容詞化,作前置定語時(shí),其含義與同形的作后置定語的動(dòng)詞的ed形式不完全相同。


  I’m going to buy some used books tomorrow.明天我要去買一些舊書。(舊的)


  The books used are still new now .用過的書現(xiàn)在仍然很新。(用)


  We’ll meet at a given time and place .我們將在一個(gè)固定的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)見面。(固定的)


  The time and place given to us are not decided yet .給我們的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)還沒定下。(給


  巧用“令(使)人”解的動(dòng)詞分詞式


  過去分詞作表定,修飾通常是人稱。表示“使人”怎么樣,皆由外因出感情。


  現(xiàn)在分詞作表定,主語常是事、物名。表示“令人”怎么樣,說明性質(zhì)或特征。


  2019年北京高三一模英語“ed”用法訓(xùn)練(二)


  (3)作賓語補(bǔ)足語


  動(dòng)詞的-ed形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí),它前面的賓語就是它的邏輯主語;如果主動(dòng)句改為被動(dòng)句,賓語補(bǔ)足語則變成了主語補(bǔ)足語。動(dòng)詞的-ed形式一般在感覺、感官動(dòng)詞和使役、致使役動(dòng)詞后作賓語補(bǔ)足語表示已經(jīng)完成的被動(dòng)意義。


 、俑杏X、感官動(dòng)詞后作賓語補(bǔ)足語或主語補(bǔ)足語,這類動(dòng)詞有find,feel,hear,listen to,look at,notice,observe,see,smell,watch等。


  We found the door locked.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)門鎖上了。(賓補(bǔ))


  The door was found locked.門被發(fā)現(xiàn)鎖上了。(主補(bǔ))


  She saw the thief caught by the policeman.她看見那個(gè)小偷被警察抓去了。(賓補(bǔ))


  The thief was seed caught by the policeman. 有人看見那個(gè)小偷被警察抓去了。(主補(bǔ))


  What should you do if you find a person trapped under a car?如果發(fā)現(xiàn)有人被壓在車下,你該怎么辦?


 、谑挂、致使役動(dòng)詞后作賓語補(bǔ)足語或主語補(bǔ)足語,這類動(dòng)詞有catch, get,have, leave,set,start, keep等。


  The speaker raised his voice but still couldn't make himself heard. 那個(gè)演講人提高了嗓門,但人們還是聽不見。


  She had her foot injured in the fall.她跌倒了,腳受了傷。


 、“have/get sth.+-ed分詞作賓補(bǔ)”的不同含義


  “have/get sth.+-ed分詞作賓補(bǔ)”歸納起來有3種不同含義:


  a. 表示讓/叫別人(為自己)做某事。


  Mrs Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had repaired went wrong. 布朗太太看到她請(qǐng)人修的洗衣機(jī)壞了非常失望。


  He's going to have his hair cut.他要去理發(fā)。


  She had her house repaired.她(請(qǐng)人)修理了房屋。


  They are going to get their telephone put in.他們打算請(qǐng)人安裝電話。


  b.表示“使完成某事”,可以是別人完成,也可以是自己參與完成。


  We must have / get the work finished by 10 o'clock. 我們?cè)?10點(diǎn)鐘之前得把工作做完。


  In that year he had a hundred yuan saved. 那一年他積蓄了100元。


  c.表示“遭遇某事”,常指不幸之事。


  She had her house damaged in the storm. 她的房屋在暴風(fēng)雨中毀壞了。


  Charles was sentenced to death and would have his head cut off the next day. 查爾斯被判處死刑,次日將被砍頭。


  (4)作狀語


  動(dòng)詞的-ed形式作狀語時(shí),用來進(jìn)一步說明謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),其邏輯主語通常應(yīng)與句子的主語一致,即句子的主語就是動(dòng)詞的-ed形式這一動(dòng)作的承受者。在意義上可表示時(shí)間、原因、方式、伴隨、條件、讓步等,這時(shí)它相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語從句。它的位置比較靈活,可以置于句首、句中或句尾,有時(shí)用逗號(hào)分開,有時(shí)也不用。一般用作時(shí)間、原因、條件狀語時(shí),這些短語通常位于句子的句首;當(dāng)用作方式、結(jié)果、伴隨狀語時(shí),通常位于句末。


  ①作時(shí)間狀語


  作時(shí)間狀語時(shí)相當(dāng)于when或while引導(dǎo)的從句。


  Shot in the leg(=When he was shot in the leg), he continued to fire back with his gun.當(dāng)他的腿被擊中了后,他仍繼續(xù)還擊。


  Heated,(=When it is heated) the metal expands.金屬受熱要膨脹。


 、谧髟驙钫Z時(shí)相當(dāng)于as, since, because引導(dǎo)的從句。這類狀語多方在前半部。


  Well designed and built(=Because it was well designed and built), the building lasted long.因?yàn)樵O(shè)計(jì)和施工都好,這座建筑撐的時(shí)間長(zhǎng)。


  Greatly frightened, the man ran into the room back of the workshop.那人大吃一驚,跑到車間后面的屋子里去了。


  Lost in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. 他陷入了沉思,險(xiǎn)些撞到他前面汽車上。


 、圩鞣绞桨殡S狀語時(shí)不能用狀語從句替換,但可以改成并列句。


  He hurried to the hall, followed by two guards. (=He hurried to the hall and was followed by two guards.)他快步走進(jìn)大廳,身后跟著兩個(gè)衛(wèi)兵。


  He turned away disappointed. (=He was disappointed and turned away.)他非常失望地走了。


  Dr Watson and I will spend the night, locked in your room.我和華生醫(yī)生將要鎖在你的屋里過夜。


 、茏鳁l件狀語時(shí)相當(dāng)于if, unless引導(dǎo)的從句。


  Given another chance(=If I am given another chance), I will do it much better.如果再給我一次機(jī)會(huì),我會(huì)干得更好。


  Compared with Mr. Smith, he is young.和史密斯相比,他很年輕。


  United we stand; divided we fall.團(tuán)結(jié)就是勝利,分裂必然失敗。


  ⑤作讓步狀語時(shí)相當(dāng)于though, even if等引導(dǎo)的從句。這類狀語多放在前半部。


  Born a free man(Though he was born a free man), he was now in chains.他生來是個(gè)自由人,現(xiàn)在卻戴上了鐐銬。


  Wounded(Though he was wounded), the brave solider continue to fight.雖然受傷,那個(gè)勇敢的戰(zhàn)士仍然繼續(xù)戰(zhàn)斗。


  Left alone, the boy will get into trouble.放任不管,這個(gè)男孩會(huì)惹麻煩。


 、迍(dòng)詞的-ed形式作狀語時(shí),前面有時(shí)可以用一個(gè)連詞,表示強(qiáng)調(diào)或出于表達(dá)需要。常用的連詞有:when, while, after, before, if, though, whether, unless, as if 等。


  If followed, he would eat all the food in the house.如果被允許,他會(huì)把家里的食物全吃了。


  Even if invited, I won't go to his party.即使被邀請(qǐng),我也不去參加他的聚會(huì)。


  When asked why he did it, he said nothing.當(dāng)問到他為什么做這件事時(shí),他什么也沒說。


  Once seen, it can never be forgotten .一旦看見它,就不會(huì)忘記它。


  2019年北京高三一模英語“ed”用法訓(xùn)練(三)


  (5)動(dòng)詞的-ed形式構(gòu)成的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)


  ① 名詞(代詞)+動(dòng)詞的-ed形式構(gòu)成的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)


  這種結(jié)構(gòu)多用來表示行為方式或伴隨狀況,有時(shí)用來表示時(shí)間、原因、條件等。這時(shí)-ed分詞與前面的名詞通格或代詞主格是被動(dòng)的邏輯主謂關(guān)系。


  The question settled, the meeting was over. 問題解決后,會(huì)議結(jié)束了。


  He rushed into the room, his face covered with sweat.他滿臉是汗跑了進(jìn)來。


  His work finished, he prepared to go home.干完活后,他就準(zhǔn)備回家。


 、 with+賓語+動(dòng)詞的-ed形式獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)


  這種結(jié)構(gòu)多用來表示伴隨情況。


  The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back. 殺人犯被帶入, 兩手綁在背后。


  He was lying with his eyes shut. 他躺在那里,眼睛閉著。


  There was also a gun and a thin piece of rope with the end tied in a circle.還有一支槍和一根細(xì)繩,繩子的末端扎成一個(gè)圈。


  With his home-work finished ahead of time, he began to use his computer to write his diary.他優(yōu)先把功課做完了,接著就開始用電腦寫日記。

 

 

 

 

 

 

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  愛智康高中教育頻道為大家分享的2019年北京高三一模英語“ed”用法訓(xùn)練到這里就結(jié)束啦,有關(guān)北京高考一?记拜o導(dǎo)及考后規(guī)劃的課程,請(qǐng)直接撥打免費(fèi)咨詢電話:!2019年高考距離大家越來越近,同學(xué)們一定要把握現(xiàn)在,有困難克服一下,拿個(gè)好成績(jī)。

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