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中考英語復習重點梳理總結
這篇文章小編給大家總結歸納了中考英語的重要知識點,接下來分享具體內容,希望對同學們有幫助。
1倒裝句
1.全部倒裝是只將句子中的謂語動詞全部置于主語之前。此結構通常只用與一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時。常見的結構有:
1) here, there, now, then, thus北京中考2018等副詞置于句首, 謂語動詞常用be, come, go, lie, run。
There goes the bell.
Then came the chairman.
Here is your letter.
2) 表示運動方向的副詞或地點狀語置于句首,謂語表示運動的動詞。
Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.
Ahead sat an old woman.
2.部分倒裝是指將謂語的一部分如助動詞或情態(tài)倒裝至主語之前。如果句中的謂語沒有助動詞或情態(tài)動詞,則需添加助動詞do, does或did,并將其置于主語之前。
句首為否定或半否定的詞語,如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until… 等。
Never have I seen such a performance.
Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.
Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.
當Not until引出主從復合句,主句倒裝,從句不倒裝。
2獨立主格
1.獨立主格與狀語從句的轉換
當狀語從句的主語與主句的主語不是指同一個對象時,可用獨立主格結構取代狀語從句,但不再保留連詞。如:
Afterclasswasover(=Classbeingover/Classover),thestudentssoonlefttheclassroom.下功課,孩子很快離開了教室。
2.不能省略being(havingbeen)的情形
在下列兩種情況下,獨立主格結構中的being(或havingbeen)不能省略:
(1)獨立主格結構的邏輯主語是代詞時。如:
ItbeingSunday,wewenttochurch.因為是星期天,我們去了做禮拜。
(2)在Therebeing+名詞的結構中。如:
Therebeingnobus,wehadtogohomeonfoot.因為沒有公共汽車,所以我們不得不步行回家。
3.通常不用物主代詞或冠詞
在“名詞(或代詞)+介詞短語”北京中考2018構成的獨立主格結構中,一般不用形容詞性物主代詞和冠詞。如:
MissSmithenteredtheclassroom,bookinhand.史密斯先生走進了課室,手里拿著一本書。
比較with的復合結構:MissSmithenteredtheclassroom,withabookinhishand.
4.獨立主格結構沒有所有格形式
Thechief-editorarriving,webeganthemeeting.主編來了,我們開始開會。
比較動名詞復合結構:
Thechief-editor’sarrivingmadeusverysurprised.
5.獨立主格的時態(tài)問題
獨立主格結構作時間或原因狀語時,可用完成時,表示該動作發(fā)生在謂語之前。如:
Thelistenershavingtakentheirseats,theconcertbegan.聽眾坐好后,音樂會開始了。
Tomhavingbeenlateoverandover,hisbosswasverydisappointed.由于湯姆一再遲到,他的老板非常失望。
3各個關系代詞和關系副詞的具體用法
1. who 指人,在定語從句中作主語。例如:
The person who broke the window must pay for it.
The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever.
2. whom指人,在定語從句中作賓語。例如:
Do you know the young man (whom) we met at the gate?
Mr Lee (whom) you want to see has come.
3. whose 指人,在定語從句中作定語。例如:
The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today.
I know the boy whose father is a professor.
4. which指物,在定語從中作主語或賓語。例如:
A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.
Here is the book (which) the teacher mentioned yesterday.
5. that多指物,有時也指人,北京中考2018在定語從句中作主語或賓語。例如:
I’ve read the newspaper that(which) carries the important news.
Who is the person that is reading the newspaper over there?
6. when 指時間,在定語從句中作狀語。例如:
I’ll never forget the time when we worked on the farm.
He arrived in Beijing on the day when I left.
7. where 指地點,在定語從句中作狀語。例如:
This is the house where we lived last year.
The factory where his father works is in the east of the city.
4語法一致的原則
1.以單數(shù)名詞或代詞,動詞不定式短語作主語時,謂語動詞要用單數(shù);主語為復數(shù)時,謂語用復數(shù),例如:
He goes to school early every morning.
The children are playing outside.
To work hard is necessary for a student.
2.由and或both……and連接的并列成分作主語時,謂語動詞用復數(shù)。例如:
Both he and I are right.
Mr Black and Mrs Black have a son called Tom.
但并列主語如果指的是同一人,同一事物或同一概念,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。例如:
His teacher and friend is a beautiful girl.
The poet and writer has come.
3.由and連接的并列單數(shù)主語之前如果分別由each, every修飾時,其謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。例如:
In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education.
Each man and each woman is asked to help.
4.主語是單數(shù)時,北京中考2018盡管后面跟有 but ,except, besides, with 等介詞短語,謂語動詞仍用單數(shù)。例
如:
The teacher with his students is going to visit the museum.
Nobody but two boys was late for class.
由于篇幅原因,以上只是部分內容。
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